SOUTHEAST BRAZIL TOUR REPORT 2022 (excl Rio Grande do Sul)

2 - 23 October 2022

by Eduardo Patrial

The 2022 Southeast Brazil Tour was again amazingly successful. The combination of the best sites of the threatened and unique Atlantic Forest from Espirito Santo south to Paraná, certainly make this one of the best trips for endemics in the country and in South America. We mainly covered luxurious forests along the rich and scenic spine of Serra do Mar, both lowland and hilly areas from north to south, going through parks, private reserves and protected areas, which in three weeks offered us a list of nearly five hundred birds (497). Highlights also include great sceneries, accommodations, food, bird feeders and local people. Here are just a few of the amazing birds enjoyed on this tour: Solitary Tinamou, Red-billed Curassow, Black-fronted Piping Guan, Spot-winged Wood Quail, Pygmy, Long-trained and Silky-tailed Nightjars, Frilled and Festive Coquettes, Green-crowned and Purple-crowned Plovercrests, Red-and-white Crake, Black and Ornate Hawk-Eagles, Rufous Crab Hawk, White-necked and Mantled Hawks, Pavonine Cuckoo, Tawny-browed and Rusty-barred Owls, Three-toed Jacamar, Saffron Toucanet, Ochre-marked Parakeet, Red-browed and Red-tailed Amazons, Blue-bellied Parrot, Itatiaia Spinetail, Giant and White-bearded Antshrikes, Cryptic Antthrush, Variegated and Speckle-breasted Antpittas, White-breasted Tapaculo, Spotted Bamboowren, Russet-winged Spadebill, Atlantic Royal Flycatcher, Black-capped Piprites, Swallow-tailed, Black-and-gold and Grey-winged Cotingas, Black-headed and Hooded Berryeaters, Buffy-fronted and Temminck’s Seedeaters, Bay-chested and Buff-throated Warbling Finches, Black-backed and Chestnut-backed Tanagers and many more.

The tour started in the morning of October 2 with the group meeting at Vitória’s airport (capital of Espirito Santo state). From the airport, we visited a nearby site, the rural restaurant Sítio Ouro Velho, a good site to find the endemic Pygmy Nightjar (ssp. vielliardi) on rocky outcrops. There we found one bird, very relaxed with its camouflage. At the site, we still got Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture, Swallow-tailed Hummingbird, Ringed Kingfisher, endemic Band-tailed Hornero, Common Tody-Flycatcher, Masked Water Tyrant and Blue Dacnis. Lunch happened at Aracruz, next to the sea. There we added some Tropical Mockingbirds to our list, as well as Peach-fronted Parakeet, Cabot’s Tern and Cocoi Heron. After lunch, we drove north a little further for a quick visit at Augusto Ruschi Marine Ecological Reserve, our usual site to enjoy decent views of the local endemic Minute Hermit, besides some others like Blue-chinned Sapphire, Versicoloured and Glittering-throated Emeralds, Red-legged Honeycreepers and the lovely endemic Geoffroy’s Marmoset. Another couple of hours on the road, we managed to finish the day in Linhares at Reserva Natural VALE with some great birds: the threatened endemic Red-billed Curassow, Turquoise Tanager (White-bellied T – ssp. brasiliensis), endemic Black-cheeked Gnateater, Blue-headed Parrot (endemic ssp. reichenowi), endemic Red-browed Amazon, Orange-winged Amazon, Blue-winged Macaw, Rufous-headed Tanager, Grey Elaenia and the beautiful Black-necked Aracari.

October 3rd was a full day exploring the grounds of VALE. Deep far in the forest during the morning, we managed great views of the endemic Black-headed Berryeater, plus few more Red-billed Curassows; Channel-billed Toucan, endemic East Brazilian Pygmy Owl, Yellow-throated and Blond-crested Woodpeckers, Buff-throated Woodcreeper, endemics White-eared Parakeet and Silvery-flanked Antwren; Grey-crowned Flatbill, Screaming Piha, Rufous-capped Antthrush and Yellow-green Grosbeak. Afternoon session happened near the headquarters at forest edge and trails in the forest, being very productive. Closer views of White-eared Parakeet, a nice flock with Black-capped and Crested Becards, Chestnut-vented Conebill, Hooded and Rufous-headed Tanagers, Dusky-capped Flycatcher, Purple-throated and Violaceous Euphonias; then on the trail, the endemics Plumbeous Antvireo and the stunning Ochre-marked Parakeet, plus few others like Plain-winged Woodcreeper, endemic Sooretama Slaty Antshrike and even a Brown-throated Sloth.

October 4th was our second full day at VALE. We had an overcast morning with a bit of rain by late morning. First, we birded a specific site mainly to check an old Harpy Eagle nest, unfortunately not active at the moment, so no signs of the eagle. Forest was quiet but we managed few good sightings: Red-browed Amazon, Red-stained Woodpecker, Green-backed and Collared Trogons and Red-headed Manakin. From there we covered forest edge and marsh habitat which provided several things: Plumbeous, Grey-headed and Swallow-tailed Kites, endemic East Brazilian Chachalaca, Scaled and Pale-vented Pigeons, Laughing Falcon, Grey-rumped Swift, Blue-winged Macaw, Southern White-fringed Antwren, Cobalt-rumped Parrotlet, Greater Ani, Red-rumped Cacique, Buff-throated Saltator, Muscovy Duck and Blackish Rail. In the afternoon we covered dense forest along the main road in the reserve, adding a little more to our list with Greyish Mourner, Lesser Woodcreeper and Streaked and Plain Xenops.

Our next place in Espirito Santo state was the lovely and hilly little town of Santa Teresa for one night stay. We left Linhares early in the morning (endemics Red-cowled Cardinal and Campo Troupial at hotel grounds) reaching the good forest on the hills of Santa Teresa by mid-morning for a very productive birding until lunch time. Our usual site (private areas linked to the southern portion of Reserva Biologica Augusto Ruschi) provided an amazing session: localized endemic Wied’s Tyrant Manakin, endemics Grey-hooded Attila and smart White-bibbed Antbird, the striking Spot-billed Toucanet, Black-billed Scythebill, endemic Yellow-eared Woodpecker, the fascinating Bare-faced Bellbird, endemic Serra Antwren (a pair), Yellow-browed Woodpecker, Green-backed Becard, endemics Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher and Crescent-chested Puffbird, Black Hawk-Eagle, Maroon-bellied Parakeet, Black-capped, Ochre-breasted and White-eyed Foliage-gleaners, Spot-breasted Antvireo, Spot-backed Antshrike, Whiskered Myiobius, endemic Gilt-edged Tanager, Chestnut-bellied Euphonia and Golden-chevroned Tanager. A Zone-tailed Hawk was spotted in town after lunch. Then, we checked in at the very nice Pousada Vita Verde, a true paradise for hummingbirds, where we enjoyed a welcoming coffee watching the great show provided by the hummingbird feeders: stunning males and females Frilled Coquette and Amethyst Woodstar; Swallow-tailed and White-throated Hummingbirds, Rufous-breasted, Planalto and Scale-throated Hermits, Black Jacobin, White-vented Violetear, Violet-capped Woodnymph, Sombre Hummingbird, Versicoloured and Sapphire-spangled Emeralds. Later in the afternoon we repeated the forest site, taking a narrow trail this time and finishing the day with some amazing highlights, including Ornate Hawk-Eagle (an adult next to its nest), the rare Russet-winged Spadebill and endemic Cinnamon-vented Piha.

Early morning was enjoyed at Vita Verde: nice views of East Brazilian Chachalaca, endemic Pallid Spinetail, Slaty-breasted Wood Rail, Blackish Rail, tame Brazilian Teals, White-barred Piculet, Streaked Xenops, Yellow-olive Flatbill, Rufous-browed Peppershrike, Rufous-headed Tanager, Violaceous and Chestnut-bellied Euphonias, Ruby-crowned Tanager, Green-winged Saltator, Campo Troupial and some of the waking hummingbirds before a delicious breakfast. We said good-bye to Vita Verde and Santa Teresa, driving south a couple hours to our next destination, the Caetés area in Vargem Alta. We enjoyed birding for the rest of morning on the grounds of Natureza Eco Lodge (old Hotel Monte Verde), part of the Águia Branca Private Reserve. There we got several Cliff Flycatchers, endemic Azure-shouldered Tanager, Green-billed Toucan and some Saffron Toucanets, Dusky-legged Guan, Tropical Pewee and the smart Yellow-fronted Woodpecker. In the afternoon, we covered more of the good Águia Branca Reserve, finding Sooty Tyrannulet, Red-legged Seriema, the fascinating Swallow-tailed Cotinga (several), Capped Heron, Spix’s Spinetail, Planalto Tyrannulet, Maroon-bellied Parakeet, White-throated Woodcreeper, endemic Star-throated Antwren, Spotted Bamboowren (briefly), White-crested and Yellow Tyrannulets, Pin-tailed Manakin (female), Hooded Siskin, endemic Half-collared Sparrow and Black-goggled, Golden-chevroned and Gilt-edged Tanagers.

We repeated the Águia Branca Reserve in the morning, being very productive: more Swallow-tailed Cotingas, Fawn-breasted Tanager, Robust Woodpecker, endemic Scaled Woodcreeper; Sharpbill, Surucua Trogon [aurantius], Yellow-fronted and Green-barred Woodpeckers, Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper, great views of endemic White-breasted Tapaculo and Spotted Bamboowren; Long-tailed Tyrant, Blue Manakin, Drab-breasted Bamboo Tyrant, Variable Antshrike, Half-collared Sparrow again, Black Hawk Eagle, Magpie Tanager, endemics White-collared Foliage-gleaner and Cinnamon-vented Piha; Spot-breasted Antvireo, Streak-capped Antwren, Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner, Pallid and Rufous-capped Spinetails, Greenish Schiffornis, Greenish Tyrannulet, endemic Ferruginous Antbird and the endemic Cryptic Antthrush that provided a great show. In the afternoon, we visited the Kaetés Reserve, a very important conservation unity created recently to protect the rare and main star in the area, the critically endangered Cherry-throated Tanager, which has been successfully monitored with a serious conservation project. We were very lucky to witness this rarest species nesting; we watched it on the nest for a couple hours, a very nice experience. The forest at Kaetés in the afternoon was a bit quiet and we managed a few more birds like Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet, a brief Blue-naped Chlorophonia and the stunning endemic Hooded Berryeater. Night birding at Kaetés offered amazing views of Long-trained Nightjar and, on our way out, a Rusty-barred Owl.

October 8th was a quite long day on the road. We left the Caetés area early in the morning towards Rio de Janeiro state, more precisely to REGUA (Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu), on the foothills of Serra dos Orgãos. However, before that, a little detour to Cabo Frio/Arraial do Cabo was necessary to watch the localized version of Serra Antwren (Restinga Antwren [litoralis]). There we got excellent looks at both male and female antwren, plus three other endemics, Hangnest Tody-Tyrant, Sooretama Slaty Antshrike and Brazilian Tanager. We arrived at REGUA after four pm and enjoyed a relaxing time in the garden with some Swallow-tailed Hummingbirds, Black Jacobin, Violaceous Euphonias and some of the common birds going to roost near REGUA wetlands – Cattle Egret, Crested and Yellow-headed Caracaras and Neotropic Cormorant.

Our full day at REGUA was a day in the forest, a quite tough day actually. Birding was nice and we saw a number of targets and other nice ones: endemics Scaled Antbird and Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant; Southern Antpipit, nice male Pin-tailed Manakin, Grey-hooded and Ochre-bellied Flycatchers, Blue Manakin, Yellow-throated Woodpecker, Spot-backed Antshrike, endemic Pale-browed Treehunter; Rufous-breasted Leaftosser, Black-capped Foliage-gleaner, Black-throated Grosbeak, Black-cheeked Gnateater, Black-capped and Green-backed Becards, Red-crowned Ant Tanager, Yellow-green Grosbeak, Red-necked Tanager, endemic Olive-green Tanager, Green Honeycreeper, Yellow-backed and Rufous-headed Tanagers… However, we did put a serious effort to find Brazilian Laniisoma, going further up on the Green/waterfall trail, with some steep parts and few difficulties (fallen trees), and even so we could not find the Laniisoma at REGUA this time, the main reason of making this a tiring day. In the evening, even with some light drizzle, we managed amazing views of Giant Snipe at the nearby marsh.

October 10th started early, moving from REGUA up to Nova Friburgo and to Pico da Caledônia at 2000m above sea level. The weather was nice and we had an incredible morning, highlights include two great sightings of localized endemic Grey-winged Cotinga and others: Diademed Tanager, Thick-billed Saltator, endemics Velvety Black Tyrant, Rufous-tailed Antbird, Rufous-backed Antvireo, Mouse-coloured Tapaculo, Bay-chested Warbling Finch, Cinnamon Tanager, Serra do Mar Tyrannulet and stunning Brassy-breasted Tanager; Blue-billed Black Tyrant, a very obliging Large-tailed Antshrike, close views of the fascinating endemic Black-and-gold Cotinga, and the endemic Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin. After a quick pause at noon for snacks and coffee in Nova Friburgo, we took the road to visit further west the little town of Carmo. Our usual site (forest fragment) provided the main target, the endemic three-toed Jacamar, together with a nice selection, including Chestnut-backed Antshrike, Hangnest Tody-Tyrant, White-winged Becard, endemic Serra Antwren; Rufous-fronted Thornbird, Golden-crowned Warbler and Rufous-capped Spinetail. We finished this successful day driving back to overnight this time in Nova Friburgo.

We spent the early morning (about two hours) at the Theodoro Trail in Nova Friburgo, montane forest around 1000m. It was quite windy but after few attempts we finally spotted the rare Brazilian Laniisoma. It came silent to playback and stayed enough in good view for our delight. Trail offered some other good sightings like a close Bare-throated Bellbird, endemic Brazilian Ruby and flock with White-browed and Black-capped Foliage-gleaners, Ferruginous Antbird and Rufous-crowned Greenlet. Then back to Hotel for a nice breakfast and to enjoy some birds in the garden, like Slaty-breasted Wood Rail crossing a bridge, Swallow Tanagers, Chestnut-crowned Becard and few others. Leaving Nova Friburgo, the call of the uncommon Buffy-fronted Seedeater was detected in a bamboo clump just by the road, what made us to stop for prompt response and magnificent views. We drove south then to reach the famous Itatiaia National Park, arriving at the very nice Hotel do Ypê for a late lunch. Food as usual was great so was the feeders and hotel grounds with many Dusky-legged Guans, Brazilian Ruby, White-throated Hummingbird, Violet-capped Woodnymph, Black Jacobin, striking Green-headed Tanagers, Chestnut-bellied Euphonia, endemics Olive-green and Golden-chevroned Tanagers; Black-goggled Tanager, Surucua Trogon, Maroon-bellied Parakeets, Double-collared Seedeaters and more. The afternoon session happened by foot from the hotel down along the main road and part of a trail (access to Hotel Simon). We saw a lot: fantastic view of endemic Slaty Bristlefront; endemics Orange-eyed Thornbird and Ochre-rumped Antbird; Green-winged Saltator, Blue-winged Macaw, Green-billed Toucan, White-shouldered Fire-eye, Rufous-crowned Greenlet, endemic Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrant, Chestnut-bellied Seed Finch, Long-tailed Tyrant, Scaly-headed Parrot, a shy male Tufted Antshrike and the endemic Half-collared Sparrow. Back to Ypê we managed to see Short-tailed Nighthawk and a couple of Tawny-browed Owl after dusk.

On this day, we spent most of daytime doing the high part of Itatiaia National Park, the famous Agulhas Negras Road, birding forest in altitude between 1800 and 2400m. The weather was perfect, what made a very productive and enjoyable time in the mountain. There we got the endemic Buff-throated Warbling Finch, Sharp-billed Treehunter, Diademed Tanager, Yellow-legged Thrush, the rare Black-capped Piprites, endemic Brassy-breasted Tanager and Bay-chested Warbling Finch, Olivaceous Elaenia, Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet, Rufous-tailed Antthrush (breath-taking views), the shy Speckle-breasted Antpitta (northern form), endemics Rufous-tailed Antbird and Mouse-coloured Tapaculo, localized endemic Itatiaia Spinetail, endemic Velvety Black Tyrant; Thick-billed Saltator, the locally rare endemic Grey-backed Tachuri and the endemic Green-crowned Plovercrest. We arrived back at Hotel do Ypê by late afternoon. In the evening, Tawny-browed Owl showed up again briefly.

Travel day to Ubatuba, north coast of São Paulo state, via Angra dos Reis with our usual birding stop at Mambucaba (or Perequê), mainly for the local endemic Black-hooded Antwren. This time we needed some attempts to find a cooperative pair, great views at last! Birding in Mambucaba is very good and this time was not different: better views of endemics Saw-billed Hermit and Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrant; White-bearded Manakin, Rufous-tailed Jacamar, Black-crowned Tityra, Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle, Rufous-thighed Kite, endemic Squamate Antbird, Sao Paulo Tyrannulet, Common Potoo (day roost), Yellow-fronted Woodpecker, Plain Parakeets, Pileated Parrot, the rare endemic Buff-throated Purpletuft, endemics Olive-green Tanager and Frilled Coquette, Flame-crested and Red-necked Tanagers and others. After birding, we had a quick road stop for lunch near Paraty. Approaching Ubatuba, later in the afternoon, we made a good stop along the road to Casa da Farinha, where we got some interesting birds: distant pair of the uncommon Buff-bellied Puffbird, Black-throated Mango, White-thighed Swallow, Orange-eyed Thornbird, Lemon-chested Greenlet, Black-throated Grosbeak and Chestnut-bellied Seed Finch (again). Arrival in Ubatuba around six pm, dinner and overnight at Hotel Ubatuba Palace.

Morning at Fazenda Angelim in Ubatuba yielded all our targets birds, being very good for the bamboo species. There we got Sooty Grassquit, the uncommon Temminck’s and Buffy-fronted Seedeaters, endemic White-necked Hawk (again), Ferruginous and Bertoni’s Antbirds, Riverbank Warbler, endemic Scaled Antbird, Unicoloured Antwren and the rare Salvadori’s Antwren (in mixed flock with Red-crowned Ant-Tanager and Black-capped Foliage-gleaner); Euler’s Flycatcher, Green-backed Trogon, Plain Parakeets, White-eyed Foliage-gleaner, a pair of Short-tailed Antthrush (a surprising record), endemic Grey-capped Tyrannulet, Trilling Gnatwren, White-necked and Yellow-legged Thrushes, Ruby-crowned and Green-headed Tanagers… In the afternoon, following the usual itinerary, we visited Mr. Jonas and his impressive feeders at the amazing Sítio Folha Seca, on the foothills of Serra do Mar. A true paradise for hummers, we saw Saw-billed Hermits, Black Jacobin, Black-throated Mango, endemics Festive Coquette, Brazilian Ruby and Sombre Hummingbird; Amethyst Woodstar, Glittering-throated and Versicoloured Emeralds, Swallow-tailed Hummingbird, Violet-capped Woodnymph and White-chinned sapphire. Fruit feeder provided great looks at Violaceous and Chestnut-bellied Euphonias, Green-headed, Red-necked, Ruby-crowned and Brazilian Tanagers, Red-rumped Cacique and Green Honeycreeper. We stayed at Folha Seca for owling, a singing Black-capped Screech Owl gave offered a hard attempt for more than an hour on a steep bank in the forest, and we just could not get to it. Overnight in Ubatuba.

Day transfer to Guarulhos, with good birding stops along the day. First stop was still early next to Ubatuba, on the hilltop along the entrance road of Serra do Mar State Park (Sta. Virginia). We saw a nice male Dusky-tailed Antbird, obliging Orange-breasted Thornbird and Golden-winged Cacique. Next stop was in open habitat near Taubaté, a site that provided Yellow-rumped Marshbird, Firewood Gatherer, Chestnut-capped Blackbird, White-rumped Monjita and the gorgeous Streamer-tailed Tyrant. From there we drove to São José dos Campos to reach our usual spot near Bonsucesso to see the threatened and recently discovered Marsh (Sao Paulo) Antwren. We got close views of a responsive pair right away. We stopped for lunch near São José dos Campos and from there we went straight to Cantareira State Park near Guarulhos to search for our last target species of the day, the uncommon Southern Bristle Tyrant, that again did not disappoint the group at the usual site on the trail, we got close and long views of it. Overnight was at Ibis Hotel in Guarulhos.

Morning drive from Guarulhos to the incredible Intervales State Park on the hills in southern São Paulo state. We arrived for a nice homemade lunch, with a good birding stop near Intervales, on the entrance road, where we got Grey-throated Warbling Finch, Orange-headed Tanager, Violet-capped Woodnymph, Versicoloured Emerald, Ochre-collared Piculet, Spix’s Spinetail, Planalto and Grey-capped Tyrannulets, Olivaceous Elaenia, Azure-shouldered Tanager and others. A pair of Tropical Screech Owl was roosting just beside Intervales reception. In the afternoon we checked in and met the great local guide Betinho, for a very productive session by foot around the headquarters: Scalloped Woodcreeper, Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner, Squamate Antbird, Striped Cuckoo, Burnished-buff Tanager, Dusky-legged Guan, Swallow-tailed Cotinga, female Bare-throated Bellbird, the rare endemic Black-legged Dacnis (a pair), the stunning Chestnut-backed Tanager, Green-chinned Euphonia, Golden-winged Cacique, amazing Red-and-white Crake, Diademed Tanager, Short-tailed Antthrush, Solitary Tinamou, a group of Spot-winged Wood Quail, a brief view of the endemic Blue-bellied Parrot and Rufous-tailed Attila, what a start in Intervales! In the evening, we managed great looks at Long-tufted Screech Owl.

We simply had a fantastic morning at Intervales on our first full day in the park. We walked well doing part of the viewpoint trail and later covering the system of trails around the research station. Highlights include the rare White-bearded Antshrike, Large-headed Flatbill, Rufous Gnateater, endemic Hooded Berryeater, Surucua Trogon [nominate], Black-throated Trogon, Bay-ringed Tyrannulet, rare endemic Atlantic Royal Flycatcher, Olivaceous, Planalto and Lesser Woodcreepers, Rufous-thighed Kite, Sharp-billed Treehunter, Black-capped, Buff-fronted, White-browed and Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaners, endemics Pallid Spinetail and White-collared Foliage-gleaner; Rough-legged Tyrannulet, Pavonine Cuckoo, Scale-throated and Dusky-throated Hermits, stunning Purple-crowned Plovercrest, a close and responsive Blue-bellied Parrot, Grey-bellied Spinetail, fascinating Red-ruffed Fruitcrow, endemics Slaty Bristlefront (southern form) and Grey-hooded Attila, and more. In the afternoon, we walked a different and birdy forest track (next to the old restaurant). Remarks go to Rufous-capped Motmot (obscured one), Robust Woodpecker, a shy Brown-breasted Bamboo Tyrant, amazing Giant Antshrike (male), Pileated Parrot (perched), the uncommon Mantled Hawk, Rufous-capped Spinetail, Mottle-cheeked and endemic Oustalet’s Tyrannulets, and Rufous-crowned Greenlet. We stayed on the track until the evening: no responses of Black-capped Screech Owl but a nice look at Mottled Owl.

On this day in Intervales we had a morning marred by rain, not much was seen, except for the amazing views of Variegated Antpitta next to the accommodation and the group of Spot-winged Wood Quails again and before the rain. Whit a break in the weather near noon, we did a quite long afternoon loop walk towards the Lajeado area. Here some of the nice birds we managed to see: Black Hawk-Eagle, Surucua Trogon, Green-billed Toucan, White-spotted and Yellow-browed Woodpeckers, Scaly-headed Parrot, Lesser and Scalloped Woodcreepers, Black-capped, White-browed, Ochre-breasted and White-eyed Foliage-gleaners, Streak-capped and Star-throated Antwrens, Rufous Gnateater, Mottle-cheeked and Oustalet’s Tyrannulets, Tropical Pewee, Three-striped Flycatcher, Sibilant Sirystes, Swainson’s Flycatcher, Red-ruffed Fruitcrow, Blue Manakin, Whiskered Myiobius, Black-crowned Tityra, endemic Brown Tanager, Swallow, Black-goggled, Golden-chevroned and Ruby-crowned Tanagers and Uniform Finch.

October 19th was the third and last day at Intervales. We had an excellent morning walk going to the famous Carmo Road. Remarks to Solitary Tinamou again, the rare Black-fronted Piping Guan, Plumbeous Pigeon, Black Hawk-Eagle, Green-backed Trogon, Rufous-capped Motmot, a pair of Buff-bellied Puffbird, Saffron and Spot-billed Toucanets, Yellow-fronted and Robust Woodpeckers, Plain and Maroon-bellied Parakeets, White-collared Foliage-gleaner, Rufous-margined Antwren, White-bearded Antshrike, Wing-barred Piprites, Three-striped Flycatcher, Red-ruffed Fruitcrow, Cinnamon-vented Piha, Sharpbill, Black-crowned and Black-tailed Tityras, Uniform Finch, Fawn-breasted, Azure-shouldered, Golden-chevroned and Green-headed Tanagers and more of the rare Black-legged Dacnis. In the afternoon, we visited different sites on the two entrance roads of the park, first where we saw the lovely Araucaria Tit-Spinetail, plus Olivaceous Elaenia, Yellowish Pipit, Narrow-billed Woodcreeper (surprisingly), White-crested Tyrannulet and Hangnest Tody-Tyrant, and later a more forested site where we got Purple-crowned Plovercrest and endemics White-breasted Tapaculo and Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin.

We started early on this day heading off from Intervales to the coast of Paraná state, about 300 km on a winding road. By late morning, we arrived at the nice Graciosa Road, making a brief stop along the track of Rio do Corvo, where we got another sighting of a much shyer Large-tailed Antshrike. Lunch was down the hills at the little town of Morretes. Then, another hour and half on the road to get to the coastal Pontal do Sul, right at the southern mouth of Baía de Paraguá. Our usual afternoon boat trip for the localized endemic Red-tailed Amazon was again, amazing. Whit good weather and calm waters, we enjoyed several Brown Boobies, some Royal and Cabot’s Terns, nice views of Marine Estuarine Dolphin, a pair of the uncommon Rufous Crab Hawk (the Bay is the southernmost of its range), many of the stunning Scarlet Ibis; Black-crowned and Yellow-crowned Night Herons, Pale-vented Pigeon, huge colony of Neotropic Cormorant, some Azure Jays (at the island Ilha dos Papagaios), the fascinating scenery and of course, hundreds of Red-tailed Amazons that provided a true spectacle just before sunset. In the evening we had a nice pizza and local draft beer to celebrate. Overnight in Pontal do Sul.

Early morning drive south from Pontal to Itapoá in northern Santa Catarina state, crossing by ferry the Baía de Guaratuba. We arrived for birding at Volta Velha Reserve entrance road around mid-morning. The forest edge was excellent, offering all wanted target birds: the localized Kaempfer’s Tody-Tyrant, endemics Restinga Tyrannulet, stunning Black-backed Tanager, Scaled Chachalaca, Long-billed Wren, Brazilian, Green-headed and Red-necked Tanagers and White-necked Hawk. Then we finished the morning in the reserve, doing part of the trail Casa de Vidro. There we had Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant, Unicolored Antwren, Pale-browed Treehunter, Spot-backed Antshrike, Green Honeycreeper, Rufous-crowned Greenlet, White-bearded Manakin, Grey-hooded Flycatcher, White-necked Thrush, Rufous-margined Antwren, Black-backed Tanager again and few others. Lunch was at Volta Velha and it was delicious. In the afternoon, we first visited the marsh to see Marsh Antwren, just outside Itapoá. Our reliable site provided super close views of a pair plus nice looks at White Woodpecker. Back to the forest at Volta Velha, we covered the Sambaqui trail, being a pleasant session with nice sightings of Scaled Antbird, Black-capped Foliage-gleaner, Plain-winged Woodcreeper, White-shouldered Fire-eye and Three-striped Flycatcher. We closely heard the endemic Yellow-legged Tinamou, having an interest attempt to see it, but without any luck. Night birding near the Sambaqui offered breath-taking views of the rare Silky-tailed Nightjar and another heard Black-capped Screech Owl (another non-cooperative individual). Overnight at Volta Velha.

Early morning with a very nice breakfast at Volta Velha and some of the garden birds (Plain Parakeet, Scaled Chachalaca, Azure Jay, Black-backed Tanager and others) before we depart to São José dos Pinhais up to the first Paraná plateau. Close to the district of Borda do Campo, next to the west slope of Serra do Mar, we covered marshy area and mixed forest (with Araucaria trees) for the rest of a very successful morning with: Pampa Finch, White-vented Violetear, Glittering-bellied Emerald, Black-and-rufous Warbling Finch, the uncommon Canebrake Groundcreeper, Southern Yellowthroat, Olive Spinetail, Rufous-capped Antshrike, Rufous-thighed Kite, Yellow-rumped Marshbird, stunning male Glaucous-blue Grosbeak and the uncommon Mottled Piculet. Lunch was at a nice ‘churrascaria’ in São José dos Pinhais. Back in the afternoon to Borda do Campo area, we went further on dirt road to get denser forest, a site where we got Scalloped Woodcreeper, Sharp-billed Treehunter, endemic Brassy-breasted Tanager, and chances to work on a responsive and shy (as usual) Speckle-breasted Antpitta (southern form). Patience and well-worth it efforts guaranteed long perfect views of it. At Hotel Mercure in São José dos Pinhais, we celebrated this wonderful tour.

A relaxing morning at Hotel before we go to airport Afonso Pena (Curitiba/São J dos P) and say good-bye, see you on another adventure! End of tour.

SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES RECORDED

BIRDS

Solitary Tinamou ◊  Tinamus solitarius

Little Tinamou  Crypturellus soui   heard-only.

Brown Tinamou  Crypturellus obsoletus   heard-only.

Yellow-legged Tinamou ◊  Crypturellus noctivagus   heard-only.

Variegated Tinamou  Crypturellus variegatus   heard-only

White-faced Whistling Duck  Dendrocygna viduata

Muscovy Duck  Cairina moschata

Brazilian Teal ◊  Amazonetta brasiliensis

East Brazilian Chachalaca ◊  Ortalis araucuan   Endemic

Scaled Chachalaca ◊  Ortalis squamata   Endemic

Rusty-margined Guan ◊  Penelope superciliaris

Dusky-legged Guan ◊  Penelope obscura

Black-fronted Piping Guan ◊  Pipile jacutinga

Red-billed Curassow ◊  Crax blumenbachii   Endemic

Spot-winged Wood Quail ◊  Odontophorus capueira

Short-tailed Nighthawk  Lurocalis semitorquatus

Pygmy Nightjar ◊  Nyctipolus hirundinaceus   Endemic

Pauraque  Nyctidromus albicollis

Long-trained Nightjar ◊  Macropsalis forcipata

Silky-tailed Nightjar ◊  Antrostomus sericocaudatus

Common Potoo  Nyctibius griseus

Sooty Swift  Cypseloides fumigatus

White-collared Swift  Streptoprocne zonaris

Grey-rumped Swift  Chaetura cinereiventris

Sick’s Swift  Chaetura meridionalis

Black Jacobin  Florisuga fusca

Saw-billed Hermit ◊  Ramphodon naevius   Endemic

Rufous-breasted Hermit  Glaucis hirsutus

Dusky-throated Hermit ◊  Phaethornis squalidus   Endemic

Minute Hermit ◊  Phaethornis idaliae   Endemic

Reddish Hermit  Phaethornis ruber

Planalto Hermit  Phaethornis pretrei

Scale-throated Hermit ◊  Phaethornis eurynome

White-vented Violetear ◊  Colibri serrirostris

Black-throated Mango  Anthracothorax nigricollis

Frilled Coquette ◊  Lophornis magnificus   Endemic

Festive Coquette ◊  Lophornis chalybeus

Brazilian Ruby ◊  Heliodoxa rubricauda   Endemic

Amethyst Woodstar  Calliphlox amethystina

Glittering-bellied Emerald  Chlorostilbon lucidus

Green-crowned Plovercrest ◊  Stephanoxis lalandi   Endemic

Purple-crowned Plovercrest ◊  Stephanoxis loddigesii

Violet-capped Woodnymph  Thalurania glaucopis

Swallow-tailed Hummingbird  Eupetomena macroura

Sombre Hummingbird ◊  Eupetomena cirrochloris   Endemic

Versicoloured Emerald  Chrysuronia versicolor

White-throated Hummingbird  Leucochloris albicollis

Glittering-throated Emerald  Chionomesa fimbriata

Sapphire-spangled Emerald  Chionomesa lactea

White-chinned Sapphire  Chlorestes cyanus

Blue-chinned Sapphire  Chlorestes notata

Guira Cuckoo  Guira guira

Greater Ani  Crotophaga major

Smooth-billed Ani  Crotophaga ani

Striped Cuckoo  Tapera naevia

Pavonine Cuckoo ◊  Dromococcyx pavoninus

Squirrel Cuckoo  Piaya cayana

Rock Dove (introduced) (Feral Pigeon)  Columba [livia] domestica

Scaled Pigeon  Patagioenas speciosa

Picazuro Pigeon  Patagioenas picazuro

Pale-vented Pigeon  Patagioenas cayennensis

Plumbeous Pigeon  Patagioenas plumbea

Scaled Dove  Columbina squammata

Ruddy Ground Dove  Columbina talpacoti

Picui Ground Dove  Columbina picui

Ruddy Quail-Dove  Geotrygon montana

White-tipped Dove  Leptotila verreauxi

Grey-fronted Dove  Leptotila rufaxilla   non-leader

Eared Dove  Zenaida auriculata

Blackish Rail  Pardirallus nigricans

Grey-cowled Wood Rail  Aramides cajaneus

Slaty-breasted Wood Rail ◊  Aramides saracura

Common Gallinule  Gallinula galeata

Rufous-sided Crake  Laterallus melanophaius   heard-only.

Red-and-white Crake ◊  Laterallus leucopyrrhus

American Oystercatcher  Haematopus palliatus

White-backed Stilt  Himantopus melanurus

Southern Lapwing  Vanellus chilensis

Wattled Jacana  Jacana jacana

Pantanal Snipe  Gallinago paraguaiae

Giant Snipe ◊  Gallinago undulata

Grey-headed Gull  Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus

Kelp Gull  Larus dominicanus

Royal Tern  Thalasseus maximus

Cabot’s Tern  Thalasseus acuflavidus

Large-billed Tern  Phaetusa simplex

Magnificent Frigatebird  Fregata magnificens

Brown Booby  Sula leucogaster

Neotropic Cormorant  Nannopterum brasilianum

Buff-necked Ibis  Theristicus caudatus

Green Ibis  Mesembrinibis cayennensis

Bare-faced Ibis  Phimosus infuscatus

Scarlet Ibis  Eudocimus ruber

White-faced Ibis  Plegadis chihi

Roseate Spoonbill  Platalea ajaja

Rufescent Tiger Heron  Tigrisoma lineatum

Black-crowned Night Heron  Nycticorax nycticorax

Yellow-crowned Night Heron  Nyctanassa violacea

Striated Heron  Butorides striata

Western Cattle Egret  Bubulcus ibis

Cocoi Heron  Ardea cocoi

Great Egret (American G E)  Ardea [alba] egretta

Capped Heron  Pilherodius pileatus

Whistling Heron  Syrigma sibilatrix

Little Blue Heron  Egretta caerulea

Snowy Egret  Egretta thula

Black Vulture  Coragyps atratus

Turkey Vulture  Cathartes aura

Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture  Cathartes burrovianus

Grey-headed Kite  Leptodon cayanensis

Swallow-tailed Kite  Elanoides forficatus

Black Hawk-Eagle  Spizaetus tyrannus

Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle  Spizaetus melanoleucus

Ornate Hawk-Eagle  Spizaetus ornatus

Bicolored Hawk  Accipiter bicolor

Rufous-thighed Kite ◊  Harpagus diodon

Plumbeous Kite  Ictinia plumbea

Snail Kite  Rostrhamus sociabilis

Crane Hawk  Geranospiza caerulescens

Rufous Crab Hawk ◊  Buteogallus aequinoctialis

Savanna Hawk  Buteogallus meridionalis

White-necked Hawk ◊  Buteogallus lacernulatus   Endemic

Great Black Hawk  Buteogallus urubitinga

Roadside Hawk  Rupornis magnirostris

White-tailed Hawk  Geranoaetus albicaudatus

Mantled Hawk ◊  Pseudastur polionotus

Short-tailed Hawk  Buteo brachyurus

Zone-tailed Hawk  Buteo albonotatus

Burrowing Owl  Athene cunicularia

East Brazilian Pygmy Owl ◊ (Least P O)  Glaucidium minutissimum   Endemic

Ferruginous Pygmy Owl  Glaucidium brasilianum

Tropical Screech Owl  Megascops choliba

Long-tufted Screech Owl ◊  Megascops sanctaecatarinae

Black-capped Screech Owl ◊  Megascops atricapilla   heard-only

Tawny-browed Owl ◊  Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana

Rusty-barred Owl ◊  Strix hylophila

Mottled Owl  Strix virgata

Green-backed Trogon  Trogon viridis

Surucua Trogon ◊  Trogon surrucura

Black-throated Trogon  Trogon rufus

Collared Trogon  Trogon collaris

Amazon Kingfisher  Chloroceryle amazona

American Pygmy Kingfisher  Chloroceryle aenea

Green Kingfisher  Chloroceryle americana   leader-only  

Ringed Kingfisher  Megaceryle torquata

Rufous-capped Motmot ◊  Baryphthengus ruficapillus

Three-toed Jacamar ◊  Jacamaralcyon tridactyla   Endemic

Rufous-tailed Jacamar  Galbula ruficauda

Buff-bellied Puffbird ◊  Notharchus swainsoni

Crescent-chested Puffbird ◊  Malacoptila striata   Endemic

Swallow-winged Puffbird  Chelidoptera tenebrosa

Black-necked Aracari  Pteroglossus aracari

Saffron Toucanet ◊  Pteroglossus bailloni

Spot-billed Toucanet ◊  Selenidera maculirostris

Green-billed Toucan ◊ (Red-breasted T)  Ramphastos dicolorus

Channel-billed Toucan  Ramphastos vitellinus

Toco Toucan  Ramphastos toco

White-barred Piculet  Picumnus cirratus

Ochre-collared Piculet  Picumnus temminckii

Mottled Piculet ◊  Picumnus nebulosus

White Woodpecker  Melanerpes candidus

Yellow-fronted Woodpecker ◊  Melanerpes flavifrons

White-spotted Woodpecker  Veniliornis spilogaster

Red-stained Woodpecker  Veniliornis affinis

Yellow-eared Woodpecker ◊  Veniliornis maculifrons   Endemic

Yellow-throated Woodpecker ◊  Piculus flavigula

Yellow-browed Woodpecker ◊  Piculus aurulentus

Green-barred Woodpecker  Colaptes melanochloros

Campo Flicker  Colaptes campestris

Blond-crested Woodpecker ◊  Celeus flavescens

Lineated Woodpecker  Dryocopus lineatus

Robust Woodpecker ◊  Campephilus robustus

Red-legged Seriema  Cariama cristata

Crested Caracara (Southern C C)  Caracara [plancus] plancus

Yellow-headed Caracara  Milvago chimachima

Chimango Caracara  Milvago chimango

Laughing Falcon  Herpetotheres cachinnans

Barred Forest Falcon  Micrastur ruficollis

Collared Forest Falcon  Micrastur semitorquatus   heard-only

American Kestrel  Falco sparverius

Aplomado Falcon  Falco femoralis   leader-only

Plain Parakeet ◊  Brotogeris tirica   Endemic

Pileated Parrot ◊  Pionopsitta pileata

Blue-bellied Parrot ◊  Triclaria malachitacea   Endemic

Scaly-headed Parrot  Pionus maximiliani

Blue-headed Parrot ◊ (Blue-breasted P)  Pionus [menstruus] reichenowi   Endemic ssp.

Red-browed Amazon ◊  Amazona rhodocorytha   Endemic

Southern Mealy Amazon  Amazona farinosa   heard-only

Red-tailed Amazon ◊  Amazona brasiliensis   Endemic

Orange-winged Amazon  Amazona amazonica

Cobalt-rumped Parrotlet ◊  Forpus xanthopterygius

Ochre-marked Parakeet ◊  Pyrrhura cruentata   Endemic

Maroon-bellied Parakeet  Pyrrhura frontalis

White-eared Parakeet ◊  Pyrrhura leucotis   Endemic

Peach-fronted Parakeet  Eupsittula aurea

Blue-winged Macaw ◊  Primolius maracana

White-eyed Parakeet  Psittacara leucophthalmus

Rufous-breasted Leaftosser ◊  Sclerurus scansor

Olivaceous Woodcreeper  Sittasomus griseicapillus

Plain-winged Woodcreeper ◊  Dendrocincla turdina

Planalto Woodcreeper ◊  Dendrocolaptes platyrostris

White-throated Woodcreeper ◊  Xiphocolaptes albicollis

Lesser Woodcreeper ◊  Xiphorhynchus fuscus

Buff-throated Woodcreeper  Xiphorhynchus guttatus

Black-billed Scythebill ◊  Campylorhamphus falcularius

Narrow-billed Woodcreeper  Lepidocolaptes angustirostris

Scaled Woodcreeper ◊  Lepidocolaptes squamatus   Endemic

Scalloped Woodcreeper ◊  Lepidocolaptes falcinellus

Plain Xenops  Xenops minutus

Streaked Xenops  Xenops rutilans

Band-tailed Hornero ◊  Furnarius figulus   Endemic

Rufous Hornero  Furnarius rufus

Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper ◊  Lochmias nematura

White-collared Foliage-gleaner ◊  Anabazenops fuscus   Endemic

Pale-browed Treehunter ◊  Cichlocolaptes leucophrus   Endemic

Sharp-billed Treehunter  Heliobletus contaminatus

Black-capped Foliage-gleaner ◊  Philydor atricapillus

White-browed Foliage-gleaner ◊  Anabacerthia amaurotis

Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner ◊  Anabacerthia lichtensteini

Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner  Syndactyla rufosuperciliata

Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner  Dendroma rufa

Canebrake Groundcreeper ◊  Clibanornis dendrocolaptoides

White-eyed Foliage-gleaner ◊  Automolus leucophthalmus

Araucaria Tit-Spinetail ◊  Leptasthenura setaria

Rufous-fronted Thornbird  Phacellodomus rufifrons

Orange-eyed Thornbird ◊  Phacellodomus erythrophthalmus   Endemic

Orange-breasted Thornbird ◊  Phacellodomus ferrugineigula

Firewood-gatherer  Anumbius annumbi

Itatiaia Spinetail ◊  Asthenes moreirae   Endemic

Olive Spinetail ◊  Cranioleuca obsoleta

Pallid Spinetail ◊  Cranioleuca pallida   Endemic

Yellow-chinned Spinetail  Certhiaxis cinnamomeus

Grey-bellied Spinetail ◊  Synallaxis cinerascens

Rufous-capped Spinetail ◊  Synallaxis ruficapilla

Spix’s Spinetail ◊  Synallaxis spixi

Silvery-flanked Antwren ◊  Myrmotherula luctuosa   Endemic

Salvadori’s Antwren ◊  Myrmotherula minor   Endemic

Unicoloured Antwren ◊  Myrmotherula unicolor   Endemic

Streak-capped Antwren ◊  Terenura maculata

Black-hooded Antwren ◊  Formicivora erythronotos   Endemic

Southern White-fringed Antwren  Formicivora grisea

Serra Antwren ◊  Formicivora serrana   Endemic

Serra Antwren ◊ (Restinga A)  Formicivora [serrana] littoralis   Endemic

Marsh Antwren ◊ (Parana A)  Formicivora [acutirostris] acutirostris   Endemic

Marsh Antwren ◊ (Sao Paulo A)  Formicivora [acutirostris] paludicola   Endemic

Star-throated Antwren ◊  Rhopias gularis   Endemic

Rufous-margined Antwren  Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus

Spot-breasted Antvireo ◊  Dysithamnus stictothorax   Endemic

Plain Antvireo  Dysithamnus mentalis

Rufous-backed Antvireo ◊  Dysithamnus xanthopterus   Endemic

Plumbeous Antvireo ◊  Dysithamnus plumbeus   Endemic

Chestnut-backed Antshrike  Thamnophilus palliatus

Sooretama Slaty Antshrike ◊  Thamnophilus ambiguus   Endemic

Variable Antshrike  Thamnophilus caerulescens

Rufous-capped Antshrike  Thamnophilus ruficapillus

White-bearded Antshrike ◊  Biatas nigropectus

Large-tailed Antshrike ◊  Mackenziaena leachii

Tufted Antshrike ◊  Mackenziaena severa

Spot-backed Antshrike ◊  Hypoedaleus guttatus

Giant Antshrike ◊  Batara cinerea

Ferruginous Antbird ◊  Drymophila ferruginea   Endemic

Bertoni’s Antbird ◊  Drymophila rubricollis

Rufous-tailed Antbird ◊  Drymophila genei   Endemic

Ochre-rumped Antbird ◊  Drymophila ochropyga   Endemic

Dusky-tailed Antbird ◊  Drymophila malura

Scaled Antbird ◊  Drymophila squamata   Endemic

White-bibbed Antbird ◊  Myrmoderus loricatus   Endemic

Squamate Antbird ◊  Myrmoderus squamosus   Endemic

White-shouldered Fire-eye ◊  Pyriglena leucoptera

Rufous-capped Antthrush  Formicarius colma

Short-tailed Antthrush  Chamaeza campanisona

Cryptic Antthrush ◊  Chamaeza meruloides   Endemic

Rufous-tailed Antthrush ◊  Chamaeza ruficauda

Variegated Antpitta  Grallaria varia

Speckle-breasted Antpitta ◊  Cryptopezus nattereri

Rufous Gnateater ◊  Conopophaga lineata

Black-cheeked Gnateater ◊  Conopophaga melanops   Endemic

Spotted Bamboowren ◊  Psilorhamphus guttatus

Slaty Bristlefront ◊  Merulaxis ater   Endemic

White-breasted Tapaculo ◊  Eleoscytalopus indigoticus   Endemic

Marsh Tapaculo ◊  Scytalopus iraiensis   Endemic, heard-only

Mouse-coloured Tapaculo ◊  Scytalopus speluncae   Endemic

Wing-barred Piprites  Piprites chloris

Black-capped Piprites ◊  Piprites pileata

Planalto Tyrannulet ◊  Phyllomyias fasciatus

Rough-legged Tyrannulet ◊  Phyllomyias burmeisteri

Greenish Tyrannulet ◊  Phyllomyias virescens

Grey-capped Tyrannulet ◊  Phyllomyias griseocapilla   Endemic

Grey Elaenia  Myiopagis caniceps

Yellow-bellied Elaenia  Elaenia flavogaster

Small-billed Elaenia  Elaenia parvirostris

Olivaceous Elaenia ◊  Elaenia mesoleuca

Small-headed Elaenia  Elaenia sordida

Southern Beardless Tyrannulet  Camptostoma obsoletum

Sooty Tyrannulet  Serpophaga nigricans

White-crested Tyrannulet  Serpophaga subcristata

Yellow Tyrannulet  Capsiempis flaveola

Grey-backed Tachuri ◊  Polystictus superciliaris   Endemic

Southern Antpipit  Corythopis delalandi

Southern Bristle Tyrant ◊  Pogonotriccus eximius

Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet  Phylloscartes ventralis

Restinga Tyrannulet ◊  Phylloscartes kronei   Endemic

Sao Paulo Tyrannulet ◊  Phylloscartes paulista

Oustalet’s Tyrannulet ◊  Phylloscartes oustaleti   Endemic

Serra do Mar Tyrannulet ◊  Phylloscartes difficilis   Endemic

Bay-ringed Tyrannulet ◊  Phylloscartes sylviolus

Ochre-bellied Flycatcher  Mionectes oleagineus

Grey-hooded Flycatcher ◊  Mionectes rufiventris

Sepia-capped Flycatcher  Leptopogon amaurocephalus

Bran-coloured Flycatcher  Myiophobus fasciatus

Drab-breasted Bamboo Tyrant ◊  Hemitriccus diops

Brown-breasted Bamboo Tyrant ◊  Hemitriccus obsoletus

Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant ◊  Hemitriccus orbitatus   Endemic

Hangnest Tody-Tyrant ◊  Hemitriccus nidipendulus   Endemic

Kaempfer’s Tody-Tyrant ◊  Hemitriccus kaempferi   Endemic

Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrant ◊  Hemitriccus furcatus   Endemic

Eared Pygmy Tyrant ◊  Myiornis auricularis

Ochre-faced Tody-Flycatcher  Poecilotriccus plumbeiceps

Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher ◊  Todirostrum poliocephalum

Common Tody-Flycatcher  Todirostrum cinereum

Yellow-olive Flatbill  Tolmomyias sulphurescens

Grey-crowned Flatbill  Tolmomyias poliocephalus

Ochre-lored Flatbill  Tolmomyias flaviventris   heard-only

White-throated Spadebill  Platyrinchus mystaceus

Russet-winged Spadebill ◊  Platyrinchus leucoryphus

Cliff Flycatcher  Hirundinea ferruginea

Euler’s Flycatcher  Lathrotriccus euleri

Fuscous Flycatcher  Cnemotriccus fuscatus

Tropical Pewee  Contopus cinereus

Yellow-browed Tyrant  Satrapa icterophrys

Blue-billed Black Tyrant ◊  Knipolegus cyanirostris

Velvety Black Tyrant ◊  Knipolegus nigerrimus

Crested Black Tyrant  Knipolegus lophotes

White-rumped Monjita  Xolmis velatus

Grey Monjita  Nengetus cinereus   leader-only

Streamer-tailed Tyrant ◊  Gubernetes yetapa

Masked Water Tyrant  Fluvicola nengeta

White-headed Marsh Tyrant  Arundinicola leucocephala

Long-tailed Tyrant  Colonia colonus

Cattle Tyrant  Machetornis rixosa

Piratic Flycatcher  Legatus leucophaius

Rusty-margined Flycatcher  Myiozetetes cayanensis

Social Flycatcher  Myiozetetes similis

Great Kiskadee  Pitangus sulphuratus

Three-striped Flycatcher  Conopias trivirgatus

Streaked Flycatcher  Myiodynastes maculatus

Boat-billed Flycatcher  Megarynchus pitangua

Variegated Flycatcher  Empidonomus varius

Tropical Kingbird  Tyrannus melancholicus

Fork-tailed Flycatcher  Tyrannus savana

Greyish Mourner  Rhytipterna simplex

Sibilant Sirystes (Eastern S)  Sirystes sibilator

Dusky-capped Flycatcher  Myiarchus tuberculifer

Swainson’s Flycatcher  Myiarchus swainsoni

Short-crested Flycatcher  Myiarchus ferox

Brown-crested Flycatcher  Myiarchus tyrannulus

Large-headed Flatbill  Ramphotrigon megacephalum

Rufous-tailed Attila ◊  Attila phoenicurus

Grey-hooded Attila ◊  Attila rufus   Endemic

Hooded Berryeater ◊  Carpornis cucullata   Endemic

Black-headed Berryeater ◊  Carpornis melanocephala   Endemic

Swallow-tailed Cotinga ◊  Phibalura flavirostris

Red-ruffed Fruitcrow  Pyroderus scutatus

Screaming Piha  Lipaugus vociferans

Cinnamon-vented Piha ◊  Lipaugus lanioides   Endemic

Black-and-gold Cotinga ◊  Lipaugus ater   Endemic

Grey-winged Cotinga ◊  Lipaugus conditus   Endemic

Bare-throated Bellbird ◊  Procnias nudicollis

Wied’s Tyrant-Manakin ◊  Neopelma aurifrons   Endemic

Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin ◊  Neopelma chrysolophum   Endemic

Blue Manakin ◊  Chiroxiphia caudata

Pin-tailed Manakin ◊  Ilicura militaris   Endemic

White-bearded Manakin  Manacus manacus

Red-headed Manakin  Ceratopipra rubrocapilla

Sharpbill  Oxyruncus cristatus

Atlantic Royal Flycatcher ◊  Onychorhynchus swainsoni   Endemic

Whiskered Myiobius ◊  Myiobius barbatus

Black-crowned Tityra  Tityra inquisitor

Black-tailed Tityra  Tityra cayana

Brown-winged Schiffornis  Schiffornis turdina   heard-only.

Greenish Schiffornis  Schiffornis virescens

Cinereous Mourner  Laniocera hypopyrra   non-leader

Buff-throated Purpletuft ◊  Iodopleura pipra   Endemic

Brazilian Laniisoma ◊  Laniisoma elegans   Endemic

Green-backed Becard  Pachyramphus viridis

Chestnut-crowned Becard  Pachyramphus castaneus

White-winged Becard  Pachyramphus polychopterus

Black-capped Becard  Pachyramphus marginatus

Crested Becard  Pachyramphus validus

Rufous-browed Peppershrike  Cyclarhis gujanensis

Rufous-crowned Greenlet ◊  Hylophilus poicilotis

Lemon-chested Greenlet ◊  Hylophilus thoracicus

Chivi Vireo  Vireo chivi

Azure Jay ◊  Cyanocorax caeruleus

White-rumped Swallow  Tachycineta leucorrhoa

White-winged Swallow  Tachycineta albiventer

White-thighed Swallow  Atticora tibialis

Blue-and-white Swallow  Pygochelidon cyanoleuca

Southern Rough-winged Swallow  Stelgidopteryx ruficollis

Brown-chested Martin  Progne tapera

Grey-breasted Martin  Progne chalybea

Black-capped Donacobius  Donacobius atricapilla

Thrush-like Wren  Campylorhynchus turdinus

Moustached Wren  Pheugopedius genibarbis

Long-billed Wren ◊  Cantorchilus longirostris   Endemic

House Wren (Southern H W)  Troglodytes [aedon] musculus

Trilling Gnatwren  Ramphocaenus melanurus

Tropical Mockingbird  Mimus gilvus

Chalk-browed Mockingbird  Mimus saturninus

Creamy-bellied Thrush  Turdus amaurochalinus

Yellow-legged Thrush  Turdus flavipes

White-necked Thrush  Turdus albicollis

Pale-breasted Thrush  Turdus leucomelas

Rufous-bellied Thrush  Turdus rufiventris

House Sparrow (introduced)  Passer domesticus

Common Waxbill (introduced)  Estrilda astrild

Yellowish Pipit  Anthus chii

Hooded Siskin  Spinus magellanicus

Golden-rumped Euphonia  Chlorophonia cyanocephala   heard-only.

Blue-naped Chlorophonia  Chlorophonia cyanea

Purple-throated Euphonia  Euphonia chlorotica

Green-chinned Euphonia ◊  Euphonia chalybea

Violaceous Euphonia  Euphonia violacea

Chestnut-bellied Euphonia ◊  Euphonia pectoralis

Pectoral Sparrow  Arremon taciturnus   heard only.

Half-collared Sparrow ◊  Arremon semitorquatus   Endemic

Rufous-collared Sparrow  Zonotrichia capensis

White-browed Blackbird  Leistes superciliaris

Crested Oropendola  Psarocolius decumanus

Golden-winged Cacique  Cacicus chrysopterus

Red-rumped Cacique  Cacicus haemorrhous

Campo Troupial ◊  Icterus jamacaii   Endemic

Shiny Cowbird  Molothrus bonariensis

Chestnut-capped Blackbird  Chrysomus ruficapillus

Yellow-rumped Marshbird  Pseudoleistes guirahuro

Southern Yellowthroat  Geothlypis velata

Tropical Parula  Setophaga pitiayumi

White-rimmed Warbler  Myiothlypis leucoblephara

Riverbank Warbler  Myiothlypis rivularis

Golden-crowned Warbler  Basileuterus culicivorus

Olive-green Tanager ◊  Orthogonys chloricterus   Endemic

Red-crowned Ant Tanager  Habia rubica

Yellow-green Grosbeak  Caryothraustes canadensis

Glaucous-blue Grosbeak ◊  Cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea

Brown Tanager ◊  Orchesticus abeillei   Endemic

Cherry-throated Tanager ◊  Nemosia rourei   Endemic. One seen on the nest.

Pampa Finch  Embernagra platensis

Lesser Grass Finch ◊  Emberizoides ypiranganus

Wedge-tailed Grass Finch  Emberizoides herbicola

Green Honeycreeper  Chlorophanes spiza

Yellow-backed Tanager  Hemithraupis flavicollis

Rufous-headed Tanager ◊  Hemithraupis ruficapilla   Endemic

Swallow Tanager  Tersina viridis

Red-legged Honeycreeper  Cyanerpes cyaneus

Blue Dacnis  Dacnis cayana

Black-legged Dacnis ◊  Dacnis nigripes

Green-winged Saltator  Saltator similis

Buff-throated Saltator  Saltator maximus

Black-throated Grosbeak  Saltator fuliginosus

Thick-billed Saltator ◊  Saltator maxillosus

Bananaquit  Coereba flaveola

Sooty Grassquit ◊  Asemospiza fuliginosa

Blue-black Grassquit  Volatinia jacarina

Black-goggled Tanager  Trichothraupis melanops

Flame-crested Tanager  Loriotus cristatus

Grey Pileated Finch ◊  Coryphospingus pileatus

Ruby-crowned Tanager ◊  Tachyphonus coronatus

Brazilian Tanager ◊  Ramphocelus bresilia   Endemic

Double-collared Seedeater  Sporophila caerulescens

Chestnut-bellied Seed Finch  Sporophila angolensis

Temminck’s Seedeater ◊  Sporophila falcirostris

Buffy-fronted Seedeater ◊  Sporophila frontalis

Black-and-rufous Warbling Finch  Poospiza nigrorufa

Orange-headed Tanager  Thlypopsis sordida

Bay-chested Warbling Finch ◊  Castanozoster thoracicus   Endemic

Buff-throated Warbling Finch ◊  Microspingus lateralis   Endemic

Grey-throated Warbling Finch ◊  Microspingus cabanisi

Chestnut-vented Conebill  Conirostrum speciosum

Saffron Finch  Sicalis flaveola

Grassland Yellow Finch  Sicalis luteola

Uniform Finch ◊  Haplospiza unicolor

Fawn-breasted Tanager  Pipraeidea melanonota

Diademed Tanager ◊  Stephanophorus diadematus

Magpie Tanager ◊  Cissopis leverianus

Cinnamon Tanager ◊  Schistochlamys ruficapillus   Endemic

Red-cowled Cardinal ◊  Paroaria dominicana   Endemic

Sayaca Tanager  Thraupis sayaca

Azure-shouldered Tanager ◊  Thraupis cyanoptera   Endemic

Golden-chevroned Tanager ◊  Thraupis ornata   Endemic

Palm Tanager  Thraupis palmarum

Black-backed Tanager ◊  Stilpnia peruviana   Endemic

Chestnut-backed Tanager ◊  Stilpnia preciosa

Burnished-buff Tanager  Stilpnia cayana

Green-headed Tanager ◊  Tangara seledon

Red-necked Tanager ◊  Tangara cyanocephala

Brassy-breasted Tanager ◊  Tangara desmaresti   Endemic

Gilt-edged Tanager ◊  Tangara cyanoventris   Endemic

Turquoise Tanager  Tangara [Mexicana] brasiliensis

MAMMALS

South American Coati  Nasua nasua

Marine Estuarine Dolphin (Guiana D)  Sotalia guianensis

Black-horned Capuchin  Sapajus nigritus

Geoffroy’s Marmoset  Callithrix geoffroyi

Black-fronted Titi Monkey  Callicebus nigrifrons   heard-only.

Masked Titi Monkey (Atlantic T M)  Callicebus personatus   heard-only.

Brown Howler  Alouatta guariba   heard-only.

Orange-rumped Agouti (Red-r A)  Dasyprocta leporina

Capybara  Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris

Guianan Squirrel  Sciurus aestuans

Brown-throated Sloth  Bradypus variegatus

Brown Hare  Lepus europaeus