SUMATRA – The ultimate Sumatran endemics itinerary

PRICE INFORMATION

Birdquest Inclusions: Our tour prices include surface transportation, accommodations, meals and entrance fees.

We also include all tipping for local guides, drivers and accommodation/restaurant staff.

We also include these flights: Bandar Lampung-Jakarta-Padang, Padang-Medan, Medan-Meulaboh-Medan and Medan-Simeulue-Medan.

Deposit: 20% of the total tour price. Our office will let you know what deposit amount is due, in order to confirm your booking, following receipt of your online booking form.

TO BOOK THIS TOUR: Click here (you will need the tour dates)

The single supplement will not apply if you indicate on booking that you prefer to share a room and there is a room-mate of the same sex available.

Single rooms may not be available at Keresek Tua for all those requesting them, as the lodge has only a limited number of rooms. Anyone having to share unexpectedly will be given an appropriate refund.

This tour is priced in US Dollars. Amounts shown in other currencies are indicative.

Air Travel To & From The Tour: Our in-house IATA ticket agency will be pleased to arrange your air travel on request, or you may arrange this yourself if you prefer.

SUMATRA, INDONESIA BIRDING TOUR: DETAILED ITINERARY

Sumatra: Day 1  Our tour begins this afternoon at Bandar Lampung airport. Bandar Lampung is the capital of Lampung province in southern Sumatra.

(If you arranging your own flights to and from the tour, but would find it more convenient if we were to supply the domestic flights in Indonesia, we will be pleased to do so on request.)

From Bandar Lampung, we shall proceed by road to Way Kambas for a four nights stay at a pleasant lodge. On the way, we will pass through many small rural settlements and paddyfields before we catch our first sight of the forest.

Sumatra: Days 2-4  Way Kambas National Park and its surroundings contain some of the most accessible lowland rainforest in Sumatra. Although most of the area has been logged in the past, the forest has recovered well and continues to host many Sundaic species. The park itself has experienced a long period of closure and it is possible it will not reopen to general visitors, only admitting researchers, but the secondary forest habitats that fringe the park also hold the great majority of the species of the area.

During our stay here we will explore a variety of forested habitats. As we walk quietly through the forest we have a good chance of finding the beautiful Malayan Banded Pitta in spite of the fact that this electrically-coloured gem can somehow become almost invisible in its forest environment. We should also encounter the attractive Malayan Crested Fireback.

Higher up, in the mid-canopy and canopy, there is plenty to look for. Among the more interesting species that we may see are Little Green Pigeon, Raffles’s, Red-billed, Chestnut-breasted and Black-bellied Malkohas, Scarlet-rumped and Red-naped Trogons, the beautiful Diard’s Trogon, Banded Kingfisher and Banded and Green Broadbills. Woodpeckers are also a feature of the area and include Rufous, Checker-throated, Crimson-winged, Buff-necked and Grey-and-buff Woodpeckers as well as Sunda Pygmy Woodpecker. A diversity of flycatchers include Malaysian Pied Fantail, Rufous-winged Philentoma and the elusive Grey-chested Jungle Flycatcher.

We will also spend some time exploring swampy areas, riversides and more open forest. Birds we may well see in such habitats include Lesser Adjutant, Blue-eared and Stork-billed Kingfishers, Red-crowned Barbet, Black-and-red Broadbill (with its amazing two-tone bill), Malaysian Blue Flycatcher and White-chested Babbler.

Way Kambas is a rich locality for nocturnal species although they can be frustratingly difficult to spot (as opposed to hear) amongst the dense foliage. Reddish Scops Owl and Brown Boobook are generally straightforward, while more tricky species we will be hoping for include Large and Gould’s Frogmouths and the pretty Oriental Bay Owl. In addition, Malaysian Eared Nightjar can be seen at dawn and dusk and we also have a chance of seeing the rare and little-known Sundaic-endemic Bonaparte’s Nightjar.

Other species we may well see at Way Kambas during our stay include Changeable Hawk-Eagle, Black-thighed Falconet, Red Junglefowl, Zebra Dove, Banded Bay and Plaintive Cuckoos, Square-tailed Drongo-Cuckoo, Greater Coucal, Asian Palm Swift, White-throated Kingfisher, Oriental Dollarbird, Golden-bellied Gerygone, White-breasted Wood Swallow, Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike, Olive-winged, Yellow-bellied and Buff-vented Bulbuls, Greater Racket-tailed Drongo, Slender-billed Crow, Yellow-bellied Prinia, Ashy and Rufous-tailed Tailorbirds, Black-throated, Malayan Black-capped, Short-tailed, Ferruginous, Sooty-capped, Scaly-crowned, Rufous-crowned, Moustached, Chestnut-rumped and Chestnut-winged Babblers, Fluffy-backed and Striped Tit-babblers, Oriental Magpie-Robin, Common Hill Myna, Purple-naped and Ruby-cheeked Sunbirds, Orange-bellied Flowerpecker and White-capped Munia.

We should also see a few of the more uncommon birds at Way Kambas during our visit. Of these, the more interesting include the endangered and now highly localized White-winged Duck, which still survives in small numbers in the area. It is thought the birds are mainly nocturnal, raiding the adjacent paddyfields under cover of darkness to feed. Strangely, many of the individuals at Way Kambas are partly albino. Other range-restricted species are the rare Storm’s Stork (although this is much more difficult to see in Sumatra than in Borneo) and Javan Munia. Other candidates include the colourful Crested Partridge with its punk-style crest, Oriental Darter, Jerdon’s Baza, Lesser and Grey-headed Fish Eagles, Cinnamon-headed Green Pigeon (a surprisingly difficult species to catch up with anywhere in its range), Chestnut-bellied Malkoha, Rusty-breasted Cuckoo, Black and Wrinkled Hornbills, Rufous Piculet, Common Flameback, the huge White-bellied Woodpecker, Velvet-fronted Nuthatch, Rufous-tailed and White-rumped Shamas, White-crowned Forktail and Yellow-breasted Flowerpecker.

Way Kambas has a large mammal list but typically only a few species are seen during a visit. Plantain Squirrel and Silvered Leaf Monkey are among the more regular sightings. Way Kambas still holds small populations of Asiatic Elephant and Tiger, but both are very unlikely to be seen.

Sumatra: Day 5  This morning we will drive back to Bandar Lampung airport and catch a flight to Jakarta with an onward connection to the city of Padang, situated on the coast of western Sumatra, where we stay overnight.

Sumatra: Day 6  From Padang we will travel by fast ferry this morning to the island of Sipora in the Mentawai Islands, situated around 150km across the Mentawai straits off the west coast of Sumatra. We will be spending two nights on the island and will arrive in time for an initial exploration this afternoon.

Sumatra: Day 7  During our time in this little-known and seldom-explored island we have an excellent chance of finding such endemics and near-endemics, Barusan Cuckoo-Dove (which also occurs in the Simeulue islands), Mentawai Malkoha, Mentawai Scops Owl and Mentawai Drongo.

In addition, there are another fifteen or more endemic subspecies (depending on the taxonomy followed) including the distinctive sipora subspecies of the Crested Serpent Eagle, a potential split.

Other species of the island include Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot, Blue-rumped Parrot, Pink-necked and Thick-billed Green Pigeons, Green Imperial Pigeon, Violet Cuckoo, Sunda Frogmouth, Whiskered Treeswift, Rufous-collared Kingfisher, Dark-throated Oriole, Black-naped Monarch, Asian Fairy-bluebird, Crimson Sunbird and Little Spiderhunter.

There are also a number of endemic mammals including three squirrels and five endemic primates: the Mentawai or Kloss Gibbon, Mentawai Macaque, Siberut Macaque, Mentawai Langur and Pig-tailed Langur. These are highly endangered due to logging and unsustainable hunting, but we will do our best to find some of them.

Sumatra: Day 8  After some final birding on Sipora we will head back to Padang by fast ferry and overnight there.

Sumatra: Day 9  From Padang, we will travel by road to the village of Kayu Aro, which will be our base for the next four nights. Although not a great distance, the roads in this remote area of Sumatra are not fast. Situated right at the foot of Gunung Kerinci, only a tea plantation lies between us and the spectacular classic cone-shaped volcano. This afternoon we will commence our exploration of Gunung Kerinci.

Sumatra: Days 10-12  The moss-clad forested slopes of Gunung Kerinci, the highest peak in Sumatra and thus in all of western Indonesia, offer some of the most challenging and exciting birding in South-East Asia. The whole area is so remote and unexplored that there are even recent reports of a new species of terrestrial ape living in the forest, known to the locals as ‘orang pendek’ (Indonesian for ‘short man’). Recent surveys have also shown that there is still a population of the endangered Sumatran Rhinoceros as well as Tigers in the extensive tracts of remaining forest, though the chances of us encountering either of these species are exceedingly slim!

It was here that Schneider’s Pitta was rediscovered as recently as 1988 and amongst the other enigmatic and little-known species that occur are such gems as Salvadori’s Pheasant and Sumatran Cochoa.

Initially, we will travel through the tea plantations, where we may encounter species such as Black-winged Kite, Spotted Dove, Lesser Coucal, Long-tailed Shrike, Yellow-vented Bulbul and Scaly-breasted Munia, and into the montane forest beyond. There is a narrow though well-maintained trail that leads to the summit of the volcano.

At the forest edge, we will search for the characterful endemic Sumatran Treepie and another Sundaic endemic, the Sunda Minivet (which has nearly all-red females). Many of the birds we shall be searching for are ground dwellers, and consequently difficult to see in the luxuriant undergrowth. We will hope to see the endemic Red-billed Partridge (which is sadly now very shy due to hunting pressure) and the endemic Rusty-breasted and Sumatran Wren-Babblers (the latter a rather ‘top-heavy’ looking species that has been split from Long-billed). Wren-babblers are a prominent feature here, with Pygmy and Eyebrowed also present.

Plenty of time at Kerinci is absolutely vital! With a stay of this duration, we have a good chance of coming across two or three of the most difficult endemics, which are Schneider’s Pitta, Salvadori’s Pheasant, Bronze-tailed Peacock-Pheasant and the beautifully-coloured though incredibly rare Sumatran Cochoa.

The thrush family is well represented. As we walk along the trail we should encounter the endemic Shiny Whistling Thrush, which often seems inquisitive, and the shyer and more elusive endemic Sumatran Whistling Thrush. Lesser Shortwings are replaced at higher altitudes by White-browed Shortwings, while Sunda Blue Robins (another Sundaic endemic) occasionally flick onto the path. Additional Sundaic-endemics like the graceful Sumatran Trogon, Sunda Owlet and Indigo Flycatcher should put in an appearance, along with Fire-tufted Barbet (with its cicada-like song) and Rufous-vented Niltava.

We should frequently encounter bird parties. Blue Nuthatch, Mountain and Black-capped White-eyes (the latter a Sundaic endemic) and Sunda Warbler (another Sundaic endemic) will be regular constituents of the flocks, whilst larger birds may include Long-tailed Broadbill and occasionally Sunda Cuckoo-shrike (the latter species being endemic to the Greater Sundas). If we are extremely lucky we will also encounter Sunda Laughingthrush (another Greater Sunda endemic).

We will also visit the forest at night when we will have a chance to look for the little-known Rajah’s Scops Owl (confined to the Greater Sundas), Salvadori’s Nightjar (endemic to Sumatra and Java) and the amazing-looking endemic Pale-headed (or Sumatran) Frogmouth, though as always they will be much easier to hear than see.

Other birds which we have a good chance of seeing whilst at Gunung Kerinci include Crested Serpent Eagle, Barred Cuckoo-Dove, Common Emerald Dove, Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon, Mountain Imperial Pigeon, Oriental Cuckoo, Greater Yellownape, Maroon Woodpecker, Bar-winged Flycatcher-Shrike, Grey-chinned Minivet, Sooty-headed Bulbul, Lesser Racket-tailed and Ashy Drongos, Orange-spotted Bulbul (a Sundaic endemic), Grey-throated and Golden Babblers, Chestnut-capped (or Spectacled) Laughingthrush, White-browed Shrike-Babbler, Long-tailed Sibia, Mountain Leaf Warbler, Little Pied Flycatcher, White-throated Fantail and Fire-breasted Flowerpecker.

Mammals are generally not prominent here, though our sightings have included Hog-badger and Clouded Leopard! Much more likely are Sumatran Surili (or Mitred Leaf Monkey), Black-banded and Slender Squirrels and Montane Three-striped Ground Squirrel.

Sumatra: Day 13  After a final morning on the slopes of Gunung Kerinci we shall drive the short distance to Sungai Penuh for a three nights stay.

Along the way, we will pass a number of paddyfields where we may encounter Purple Heron and Cattle, Intermediate and Little Egrets. Depending on when we leave Kerinci, there may be time for some initial exploration in the Sungai Penuh area.

Sumatra: Days 14-15  The road between Sungai Penuh and Tapan via Mauro Sako passes some excellent forest. The forest here is at a lower elevation than the areas we will have explored at Gunung Kerinci and here we should find more endemic species which are not usually found higher up, namely Sumatran Drongo, Cream-striped, Sumatran and Spot-necked Bulbuls, and the beautiful Blue-masked Leafbird. Sumatran Leafbird has suffered from extensive trapping, so nowadays the chances of a sighting are slim.

With persistence and a bit of luck, we will encounter one or more of the rarer species found here such as Sumatran Green Pigeon (endemic to the Greater Sundas), the shy White-crowned Hornbill, the rare and little-known endemic Graceful Pitta, the poorly-known Marbled Wren-Babbler, Rufous-chested and Rufous-browed Flycatchers, and the scarce and elusive White-tailed Flycatcher. We will also have another chance to look for the secretive Bronze-tailed Peacock Pheasant and there is even a slim chance of encountering Sumatran Ground Cuckoo in this area.

We may also encounter such species as Black and Blyth’s Hawk-Eagles, Rufous-bellied Eagle, Little Cuckoo-Dove, Green-billed Malkoha, White-bellied and Giant Swiftlets, Rhinoceros and Bushy-crested Hornbills, Black-browed and Gold-whiskered Barbets, Black Laughingthrush, Spot-necked Babbler, Brown Fulvetta, Hill Prinia, Yellow-bellied Warbler, Sunda (or Lesser) Forktail, Verditer and Grey-headed Flycatchers, Black-and-crimson Oriole and Plain and Temminck’s Sunbirds.

On the lower slopes, we will search for species more typical of lowland rainforest such as Red-bearded Bee-eater and Black-crested Bulbul (the distinctive race here has a red throat and is sometimes split as Ruby-throated Bulbul), while the roadside scrub holds the Sundaic-endemic Bar-winged Prinia and Hill Prinia.

Other species we may see while exploring the Mauro Sako area include the bizarrely-shaped Silver-rumped Spinetail, Wreathed Hornbill, Red-throated, Blue-eared, Coppersmith and Sooty Barbets, Scarlet Minivet, Green Iora, Greater Green, Lesser Green and Blue-winged Leafbirds, Bronzed Drongo, Hairy-backed, Black-headed, Cinereous (split from Ashy), Grey-bellied, Streaked, Asian Red-eyed, Cream-vented and Spectacled Bulbuls, the attractive Scaly-breasted Bulbul, Crested Jayshrike (uncommon), Sangkar White-eye, Horsfield’s Babbler, Spectacled Spiderhunter and Crimson-breasted and Scarlet-backed Flowerpeckers. With a great deal of luck, we will come across the spectacular but endangered Helmeted Hornbill.

Stocky and charismatic all-black Siamang Gibbons may be seen swinging acrobatically through the foliage, advertising themselves by their varied song – a mixture of resonant booming notes and at times almost human-like cries.

Sumatra: Day 16  This morning we will return to Mauro Sako to look for any species that we have not yet encountered. Afterwards, we will drive to Padang airport and take a flight to Medan in northern Sumatra, where we will overnight.

Sumatra: Day 17  This morning we travel by air to Meulaboh in the remote northwestern province of Aceh, where we will stay for three nights. This afternoon we will go birding in the vicinity of Meulaboh.

Sumatra: Days 18-19  We will explore more remote areas inland from Meulaboh. Here we will make a particular effort to track down the increasingly rare (due to trapping for the bird trade) Sumatran (or Black-and-white) Laughingthrush and the recently split Aceh Bulbul. We also have a good chance of finding the rare and shy Roll’s Hill Partridge.

Other Sumatran endemics possible here include the shy Sumatran Peacock-Pheasant, the elusive Salvadori’s Pheasant, the rare and little-known Sumatran Woodpecker, the elusive Graceful Pitta, the attractive Blue-masked and Sumatran Leafbirds and the little-known Sumatran (or Buettikofer’s) Babbler, plus the Sumatran form of the Collared Owlet.

The montane and submontane forests will be birdy and we will encounter a large number of other species. Some of the more interesting species we may encounter include the sneaky Ferruginous Partridge, Black-thighed Falconet, Little Cuckoo-Dove, Silver-rumped Swift, Wreathed, Oriental Pied, Rhinoceros, Great and Helmeted Hornbills, Orange-backed Woodpecker, Red-headed Trogon, Dusky and Black-and-yellow Broadbills, Ruby-throated Bulbul, Sunda and Chestnut-capped Laughingthrushes, Large Niltava, Blue Nuthatch and Spectacled and Grey-breasted Spiderhunters.

Mammals are generally inconspicuous but we may well encounter Thomas’s Langur and there is a chance of Lar Gibbon.

Sumatra: Day 20  After some final birding in the Meulaboh region we return by air to Medan for an overnight stay.

Sumatra: Day 21  From Medan we will take a flight to the remote Simeulue Islands group off the west coast of Sumatra, which lie around 140km (85 miles) offshore. We will spend two nights on Simeulue, arriving in time for some initial exploration.

Sumatra: Day 22  Our main targets in the Simeulue islands will be an endemic owl, the poorly-known Simeulue Scops Owl, and the endemic Simeulue Parrot, and we have an excellent chance of tracking down these little-known birds. We should also see the distinctive (and sometimes split) Simeulue Serpent Eagle, and we have a realistic chance of finding the rare Silvery Woodpigeon, which was only rediscovered here in 2010.

We will also see a few endemic island forms that may be split in the future. More widespread species include White-bellied Sea Eagle, Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher and Fiery Minivet.

Sumatra: Day 23  After some final birding on Simeulue, we will return by air to Medan where the extension ends this afternoon.

(There are flight connections from Medan to Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and Jakarta. Even if you are arranging your international flight tickets in connection with the tour, we can arrange local flight tickets for you on request.)

SUMATRAN GROUND CUCKOO PRE-TOUR EXTENSION

Sumatran Ground Cuckoo: Day 1  The extension begins this morning at Bandar Lampung airport in southern Sumatra. From there we will drive northwestwards to the town of Liwa for an overnight stay.

Sumatran Ground Cuckoo: Day 2  This morning we hike into the remote forest of Way Titias in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, where we will camp for three nights. The hike takes about two hours, plus a few stops along the way, and takes us first through rolling coffee plantations, then down into a small stream bed which we will follow before climbing up into primary forest.

On the way, we will be looking for two special birds of the forest edge and secondary scrub amongst the paddyfields; the little-known endemic Sumatran (or Buettikofer’s) Babbler and also, with a bit of luck, White-capped Munia (a species thought to be endemic to Java until it was discovered here in southern Sumatra). Other species of this habitat include Ruby-throated Bulbul and sometimes Baya Weaver. We will commence our explorations at Way Titias this afternoon.

Sumatran Ground Cuckoo: Days 3-4  Way Titias is one of those areas of accessible foothill forest where the steepness of the terrain has preserved the habitat from clearance for agriculture. Fortunately, once inside this beautiful primary rainforest, the trails are reasonably good and pleasant to bird from.

Here, we will likely hear the far-carrying call of the elusive endemic Sumatran Ground-Cuckoo, a species that was lost for a century before being rediscovered here in 2007! This is surely one of Southeast Asia’s rarest and most sought-after birds, but seeing (as opposed to hearing) this remarkable creature certainly requires some luck as well as persistence.

There are plenty of other birds in this forest and amongst these, we have a good chance of finding a number that are not usually seen on the main tour, including Spotted Fantail, Blyth’s Paradise Flycatcher, Maroon-breasted Philentoma, Malayan Black Magpie, Ruby-throated Bulbul, Sunda Scimitar Babbler, Chestnut-naped Forktail, Fulvous-chested Jungle Flycatcher and Yellow-eared Spiderhunter. The scarce Sumatran Trogon is surprisingly common in the forest around our camp and it is a delight to see such a bird on a regular basis. Much harder to find is the attractive Blue-banded Kingfisher. Even the monotypic Rail-babbler is to be found here, although the chances of seeing one are slim.

We also have extra chances here for some difficult-to-see species such as Sumatran and Ferruginous Partridges, Bronze-tailed Peacock-Pheasant, Salvadori’s Pheasant, Grey-and-buff Woodpecker, Graceful Pitta, Crested Jayshrike, White-tailed Flycatcher and Blue-masked Leafbird.

Other species we may encounter during our visit to Way Titias include Malaysian Eared Nightjar, Sunda Frogmouth, Grey-rumped Treeswift, Raffles’s and Green-billed Malkohas, Banded Bay Ciuckoo, Little Cuckoo-Dove, Mountain Imperial Pigeon, Changeable Hawk-Eagle, Orange-breasted Trogon, Rhinoceros, Bushy-crested and Wreathed Hornbills (and possibly Helmeted and White-crowned), Banded, White0throated, Collared and Blue-eared Kingfishers, Red-bearded Bee-eater, Fire-tufted, Golden-whiskered, Red-throated, Black-browed and Sooty Barbets, Maroon, Orange-backed and Rufous Woodpeckers, Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot, Banded, Black-and-yellow and Green Broadbills, Golden-bellied Gerygone, Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike, Green Iora, Scarlet Minivet, Lesser Cuckooshrike, Lesser Racket-tailed Drongo, Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher, Ochraceous, Buff-vented, Cream-striped, Streaked, Black-headed and Asian Red-eyed Bulbuls,  Yellow-bellied and Chestnut-crowned Warblers, Dark-necked and Rufous-tailed Tailorbirds, Sangkar White-eye, Pin-striped and Fluffy-backed Tit-babblers, Golden, Rufous-fronted, Grey-throated, Spot-necked, Scaly-crowned, Malayan Black-capped, Short-tailed and Horsfield’s Babbler, Marbled and Eyebrowed Wren-Babblers, Brown Fulvetta, Blue Nuthatch, Rugfous-browed, Pale Blue and Indigo Flycatchers, Sunda (or Lesser) Forktail, Brown-winged (or Sumatran) Whistling Thrush (uncommon here), Croimson-breasted and Orange-bellied Flowerpeckers, Plain, Temminck’s and Purple-naped Sunbirds and Little Spiderhunter.

Agile Gibbons are sure to be heard regularly, but seeing one is a harder matter. Siamang Gibbons are much easier to spot.

Sumatran Ground Cuckoo: Day 5  After some early morning birding at Way Titias we will walk back to the roadhead and drive to Way Kambas in order to meet up with those arriving for the main tour.

ENGGANO ISLAND EXTENSION

Enggano: Day 1  Today we take a flight from Bengkulu to Enggano Island, where we will spend two or three nights. We may have our first chance to explore the island this afternoon.

Enggano: Day 2 or Days 2-3  The island of Enggano lies approximately 100 kilometres (60 miles) southwest of the Sumatran mainland and is about 35 kilometres (22 miles) long and about 16 kilometres (10 miles) wide. This Indian Ocean island has an area of roughly 500 square kilometres, yet the highest point is only 281m (922ft) above sea level. This rarely visited place has several types of forest habitat, some of which are still intact.

Our prime targets here will be the five widely recognized endemics; Enggano Cuckoo-Dove, Enggano Imperial Pigeon, Enggano Scops Owl, Enggano Thrush and Enggano Hill Myna.

In addition, the local endemic forms of the Long-tailed Parakeet and Swinhoe’s White-eye are occasionally split as Enggano Parakeet and Enggano White-eye.

Enggano: Day 3 or 4  After some final birding on Enggano we will catch a flight back to Bengkulu.