KENYA SPECIALITIES TOUR REPORT 2023

15 April - 3 May 2023

by Nik Borrow

This was definitely a tour through Kenya with a difference! The focus here was not on the ‘big five’ of the Masai Mara but rather on a selection of the country’s avian specialties that cannot be seen on any other tour to neighbouring countries. This involved a lot of driving over the length and breadth of the country and visited many lesser-known localities en route. We started on Lamu Island watching the recently described Black Boubou, a species here at the southernmost edge of its range which stretches up along the coastline into Somalia. Heading southwards we took in the similarly restricted range Violet-breasted Sunbird before reaching Watamu, our base for exploring the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest where Sokoke Scops Owl, Sokoke Pipit, Eastern Crested Guineafowl and Malindi Pipit were all seen well. For those ‘family collectors’ Crab-plover was a welcome lifer! Heading across Tsavo East National Park produced Somali Bee-eater before reaching the Taita Hills where Taita White-eye, Taita Apalis and Taita Thrush all showed well. Our time was short on Mount Kenya but nonetheless we found Jackson’s Spurfowl, Kikuyu White-eye, Hinde’s Babbler and even a pair of Abbott’s Starlings – a bird that is notoriously difficult to see! The Aberdares produced the require cisticola and some Giant Forest Hogs were much appreciated mammal ticks. Shaba National Reserve was very wet this year and did not disappoint with great views of both Friedmann’s and Williams’s Larks before we headed up to Marsabit in the remote north of Kenya. The pretty Somali Sparrow was easy to see and we also found Masked Larks and a wonderful displaying male Heuglin’s Bustard. We had no problem finding Northern Masked Weaver and Jackson’s Hornbill at Baringo and the delightful Kakamega Forest delivered the hoped for Turner’s Eremomela as well as Uganda Woodland Warbler (far easier to see here than in Uganda). Grey-chested Babbler was also another welcome bird as the Modulatrix group can be particularly tough birds to see. Our final Kenyan special was Sharpe’s Longclaw on the Kinangop Plateau. Other special or ‘diamond’ birds seen on this tour included Somali Ostrich, Vulturine Guineafowl, Hildebrandt’s Spurfowl (heard only), Scarce Swift, Ross’s, White-crested, Black-billed, Fischer’s and Hartlaub’s Turacos, Buff-spotted Flufftail (heard only), Somali Courser, White-cheeked Tern, Olive Ibis (heard only), Mountain Buzzard, White-headed Mousebird, Hemprich’s Hornbill (heard only), Red-and-yellow and D’Arnaud’s Barbets, Fine-banded Woodpecker, Forest Batis, Doherty’s (heard only) and Rosy-patched Bushshrikes, Three-streaked Tchagra, East Coast Boubou, Long-tailed, Taita and Somali Fiscals, Montane Oriole, Somali Crow, Chestnut-headed and Fischer’s Sparrow-Larks, Pink-breasted, Foxy and Red-winged Larks, Joyful, Kakamega, Olive-breasted, Stripe-faced, Lowland Tiny, Fischer’s, Placid and Toro Olive Greenbuls, Northern Brownbul, Dodson’s Bulbul, Little Yellow Flycatcher, Brown Woodland Warbler, Highland Rush Warbler, Lynes’s and Coastal Cisticolas, Pale Prinia, Black-collared, Brown-tailed and Chestnut-throated Apalises, Banded Parisoma, Scaly-breasted Illadopsis, Scaly and Northern Pied Babblers, Hildebrandt’s, Fischer’s, White-crowned, Bristle-crowned, Stuhlmann’s, Sharpe’s and Magpie Starlings, Gambaga and Chapin’s Flycatchers, Grey-winged and Blue-shouldered Robin-Chats, Equatorial and East Coast Akalats, Little Rock Thrush, Moorland Chat, Brown-tailed Rock Chat, Plain-backed, Amani, Grey, Hunter’s, Tacazze, Golden-winged, Northern Double-collared, Eastern Double-collared, Black-bellied and Tsavo Sunbirds, Swahili, Parrot-billed and Swainson’s Sparrows, Donaldson Smith’s Sparrow-Weaver, Golden Palm, Speke’s, Golden-backed and Chestnut Weavers, Red-cowled and Jackson’s Widowbirds, Kandt’s Waxbill, Red-headed Bluebill, Straw-tailed Whydah, Golden Pipit, African and Southern Citrils and Reichenow’s Seedeater.

Our tour started at Wilson Airport in Nairobi as we checked in for the short flight to Lamu on the northern Kenya coast. The heat and humidity hit us as we stepped off from the plane in the early afternoon and we were quickly transferred by boat to our rather plush hotel on Lamu Island itself. It was too bad that we didn’t have time to enjoy its opulence as we deposited our bags and quickly headed out to the scrubby bush behind the hotel that seems to be disappearing relatively rapidly in the face of more construction work. Our aim was to see the recently described Black (or Manda) Boubou which was once thought to be a morph of Tropical Boubou but is actually more closely related to Red-naped Bushshrike. The afternoon was beginning to cool off (a little) but it was about one and a half kilometres before we heard our quarry and by this time it was quite late in the day. The birds came in to playback but the views were not quite what we’d hoped for and we had to walk back to the hotel in darkness. It was a short night and we were up with the dawn to try again and this time we were met with greater success and enjoyed some excellent views of this black bird with a reddish-brown eye. There wasn’t a lot else to look at that was unusual, Sombre Greenbuls were common and some Sooty Gulls, showy Three-streaked Tchagras, Pale White-eye, noisy Scaly Babblers, Bare-eyed Thrush, Grey Sunbird and colourful Golden Palm Weavers were probably the best of the bunch. Our time was short anyway and after this success we happily headed back to breakfast for the three kilometres walk had sharpened our appetites!

After a hearty breakfast it was immediately time to pack our bags into the boats to be ferried back to the mainland where our Landcruiser was waiting for us and the journey south began. Along the way some roadside Topi were a surprise and Coastal Cisticola was seen but we were looking out for the localised Violet-breasted Sunbird which didn’t present too many problems although the most extrovert bird turned out to be right next to a village. Our attentions did not please the inhabitants overmuch until a donation of some shillings was slipped into the appropriate hands. The bird was in the bag and we moved on to the Sabaki River mouth where the tide was at a suitable height and we spent a pleasant hour or so scanning waders, gulls and terns under a cool sea breeze. Some diligent looking produced a White-cheeked Tern amongst the numerous Greater and Lesser Crested Terns and on the way back to the car we flushed a Slender-tailed Nightjar. As we drove through Malindi the gathering House Crow roost resembled a scene from Hitchcock’s “The Birds” and we rolled into Watamu after dark.

The next three days were spent exploring the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest and environs. The forest is thick and dense and does not give up its secrets easily. Mombasa Woodpecker fell almost immediately but the first day was hard work although we did get the Malindi Pipit easily but it took two days to find the tiny little near-endemic Amani Sunbird. No daytime roosting Sokoke Scops Owls could be found on the first attempt either and so our guide and a colleague spent the night in the forest tracking them back to the roost so that we could enjoy incredible views the following day. Respect to Samson and Willy! It also looked like we were going to struggle with the Sokoke Pipit as the first day drew a blank but once again the second day produced the goods and we had close-up views of a pair as we followed them through the thorny tangled bush. Other successes included perfect views of East Coast Akalat, Fischer’s Turaco, pretty Little Yellow Flycatchers, Fischer’s and Lowland Tiny Greenbuls, Black-headed Apalis, Forest and Pale Batises, Bearded Scrub Robin, Chestnut-fronted Helmetshrike and Plain-backed Sunbird.

At Mida Creek we found plenty of Crab-plovers an important ‘family tick’ for some but the surrounding bush country is becoming extremely developed and cleared at a startling rate and little else was found and then a calamity struck and we lost half a day due to a U-bolt breaking. A taxi was hired to ferry us back to the hotel while the vehicle was being fixed. An hour’s birding was squeezed in at the end of the day but we had to leave early the following morning.

Licking our wounds, our next drive took us to Tsavo East and then through the width of the National Park. Along the way it became apparent that the car was still not quite right and we had to push on through the huge park somewhat quicker than was intended so we could get to a mechanic on the other side. As we approached the park the countryside was green and lush and we enjoyed seeing the beautiful Golden Pipit in breeding plumage but as we entered the park, everything changed and the landscape was like a desert because no rain had fallen here and the area had not recovered from the three years of drought! Nonetheless we found some Somali Coursers and also had good views of Somali Bee-eater, Vulturine Guineafowl, Red-winged Lark, ‘Tsavo’ Rosy-patched Bushshrike, Fischer’s Starling and gorgeous Golden-breasted Starlings. As we reached the western side of the park, we could see evidence of rainfall as the habitat became greener whilst in the distance, dark grey clouds had gathered and the rain tumbled onto the distant mountains. We had to wait until the vehicle was fixed again and then made our way up into the Taita Hills for a two nights stay.

A whole day was scheduled to be devoted in finding the three endemics of the isolated Taita Hills, namely Taita Apalis, Taita White-eye and Taita Thrush. We were staying halfway up the mountain but as the vehicle started to climb up from the hotel, the unthinkable happened; one of the other U-bolts broke and the vehicle crunched to a scraping halt. This time we managed to hire a taxi to take us up to the forest with the local guide, leaving our hapless vehicle and driver behind to get things fixed once again! We lost some time but nothing too disastrous and reached the higher altitude where we were to start birding. The white-eye fell pretty much immediately being easy to find along the forest edge and it wasn’t too long before we spotted a thrush foraging in the leaf litter on one of the steep slopes. It was a little difficult to see in the shadows and sadly it flew down the mountain, disappearing from view before everyone had managed good looks. Abandoning this quest for a while, we turned our attention next to the apalis and were taken to a known territory where we soon found ourselves looking at a couple of these rare birds. All that remained was to get better views of the thrush and after lunch we managed this reasonably easily. Returning to where we had seen it earlier, we relocated a bird in the vine tangles and were surprised to see it fly towards us to land by a nest containing a second bird! Success was total and absolute and we watched this often-elusive rarity for as long as we wished. Other interesting species seen during the day included Hartlaub’s Turaco, Stripe-faced and Placid Greenbuls and Striped Pipit. The car had taken the time to allow itself to be fixed properly and all was well with the world so that we could depart early the next day for the long drive to Mount Kenya.

The journey was fairly uneventful but some great views of Straw-tailed and Long-tailed Paradise Whydahs by the roadside were enjoyed. We arrived at our destination of Castle Forest Lodge on the slopes of Mount Kenya in the late afternoon and were just gaining an idea about the lie of the land when a thick blanket of cloud and mizzle shrouded everything in sight destroying all hope of any birds being seen that evening.

Fortunately, the following morning was clear and we were up early before dawn waiting for the hoped for Olive Ibises to fly by which they certainly did but although we all heard them sadly, we were unsighted and the birds eluded us. We fared much better with the seldom seen Abbott’s Starling and a pair was scoped sat on top of a tree near our cabins. A pair of near-endemic Jackson’s Spurfowl were behaving like chickens around the cows and the endemic Kikuyu White-eye was seen. Scarce Swifts dashed overhead, excitable Hunter’s Cisticola duetted from the shrubbery and other species seen during our stay included Fine-banded Woodpecker, Red-fronted Parrot, Mountain Oriole, and Tacazze and Eastern Double-collared Sunbirds. A Buff-spotted Flufftail could be heard calling but too far to attempt to see.

Moving on we stopped at a site for the endemic and very special Hinde’s Babbler. The birds performed on cue and some excellent views were obtained at a site that also held the recently split Red-cowled Widowbird. We ended our day inside the Aberdare National Park. Beautiful Golden-winged Sunbirds were seen at the entrance and we overnighted at the whimsical lodge called ‘The Ark’ where the floors were referred to as ‘decks’, and the manager was called ‘The Captain’. The fore of the ‘ship’ was an outside viewing platform overlooking a large waterhole where African Elephant, African Buffalo, Spotted Hyaena and the much-wanted Giant Forest Hog came down to drink, forage or generally loaf around. African Black Duck and African Snipe were amongst the birds present and a number of storks and herons were watched feasting on a termite hatch drawn to the lights of the lodge.

The night was uneventful (no unusual visitors to the waterhole) and in the morning we watched the birds that included Scaly Spurfowl for a while before climbing up higher into the Aberdare Mountains in order to seek out the endemic Aberdare Cisticola. Once at the correct altitude, these proved easy to see and there were plenty of Moorland Chats here also. Chestnut-throated Apalis trilled from the treetops, a magnificent pair of Crowned Eagles was spotted and other species included Mountain Buzzard, Olive-breasted Greenbul, Brown Woodland Warbler, Mountain Yellow Warbler and Kandt’s Waxbill. A rainstorm curtailed our day although we did manage to see a Montane Nightjar at dusk.

From the Aberdares we journeyed towards the Solio Ranch picking up displaying Jackson’s and Long-tailed Widowbirds along the way and also lucking into a small flock of migrating Amur Falcons feasting on a termite hatch. Our next stop was to be Shaba National Reserve and we arrived at our exceedingly comfortable lodge in time to see a Pearl-spotted Owlet and Black-bellied Sunbird before once again torrential afternoon rain brought the day to a premature close.

All night long the Ewaso Nyiro River thundered past our rooms fuelled by overnight rain and we woke to startlingly high-water levels on a dull and mizzly morning. Due to the extremely wet conditions our local guide/guard suggested that we might not reach the ‘usual’ site for the target of the morning which was the endemic Williams’s Lark. However, he had good news in that he knew of another site which would be accessible but was slightly further away so we set off through the spectacular but sodden landscape. The rain had done us a big favour though because on the way we heard the distinctive “whee-hoooo” calls of the little-known Friedmann’s Lark and because we had our armed guard with us, we were able to get out of the vehicles and set off on foot in order to find one. This task was not too difficult as several birds engaged in display flights and perched prominently on the bare branches of the scattered thorn trees. It was a most fortuitous start to the day, particularly as the rain was by now beginning to ease off and the sun promised to break through. We eventually arrived at the open lava plains where we hoped to find our second rare lark of the morning and it was only a very short time before we had a Williams’s Lark firmly in our sight. The rest of the day was now ours to explore this park and neighbouring Buffalo Springs. Black-faced and Lichtenstein’s Sandgrouse proved easy to see, a very damp Three-banded Courser was found and Donaldson Smith’s Sparrow-Weavers were numerous. An unidentified wood-hoopoe could sadly not be pinned down to species. Mammals were also a feature of the park and we watched handsome Reticulated Giraffes, long-necked Southern Gerenuks, long-horned Galla (or Beisa) Oryx and lovely Grevy’s Zebras.

From Shaba we headed further north into remote country and eventually the town of Marsabit. On the way we found some White-headed Mousebirds and we got to our destination with enough time to start exploring the road leading into the Dida Galgalu desert where we found our first Somali Sparrows. After a slow start the next day due to some fighting in town that delayed our departure, we ventured even further into the desert itself where we found Swainson’s Sparrow, White-crowned Starling and ultimately the star of the show some obliging Masked Larks. We were still missing the coveted Heuglin’s Bustard and so we decided to try birding the Chalbi desert instead. A new road was being built into the desert and along it we easily found Brown-tailed Rock Chat and Striolated Bunting and finally a superb displaying male Heuglin’s Bustard was spotted and watched at length strutting around, puffing up its neck into a strange bulbous shape.

Due to security problems on certain roads within the country we had to take an extraordinary long drive retracing our steps back as far as Solio Ranch in order to reach Baringo. This did give us the chance to see the ‘Mackinder’s’ Cape Eagle-Owl along the way but otherwise it was just a travel day. Heavy rain in the afternoon was by now becoming a pattern and we reached our lodge after dark.

With just a few hours in the morning to bird Baringo the pressure was on but at breakfast time the two main specials came to us with Northern Masked Weaver on the bird table and Jackson’s Hornbill in the camp. With the help of a local guide who knew all the local owl roosts we did pretty well and notched up Greyish and Spotted Eagle-Owls as well as a pair of delightful Northern White-faced Owls. Spotted Thick-knee, Brown-tailed Apalis and Pygmy Batis were also seen well.

Leaving Baringo we stopped briefly in the Kerio Valley where we grabbed views of Ross’s and White-crested Turacos. A super Gambaga Flycatcher was a bonus and there were also Western Black-headed Batis, Black-headed Gonolek and Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver. Roadside swamps produced a wonderful pair of African Water Rail as well as Greater and Lesser Swamp Warblers, Highland Rush Warbler and Levaillant’s Cisticola all in spite of the predictable afternoon rain and we arrived at the wonderful Rondo Retreat in Kakamega Forest just before dusk.

With only one and a half days in Kakamega we could do little more than lick the surface of this super forest reserve but considering the limitations and the fact that we lost yet another afternoon to heavy rain, we did pretty well. Turner’s Eremomela was high on the want list and a little flock of these pretty birds surrendered themselves early on the first busy morning. Black-and-white-casqued Hornbills and Black-billed Turaco threw out their guttural cries from the tall treetops, the tiny Uganda Woodland Warbler sang its sweet song almost constantly but took some finding in the mid canopy whilst down in the undergrowth we hunted out skulking Scaly-breasted Illadopsis, Grey-chested Babbler, Grey-winged Robin-Chat, Equatorial Akalat and Red-headed Bluebill. In the bird parties were Kakamega and Toro Olive Greenbuls and the unassuming Chapin’s Flycatcher; Stuhlmann’s Starling and Southern Citril were seen and we finally caught up with views of Black-collared Apalis, a species only heard up until now. Our accommodation was truly wonderful and situated in the forest itself and White-spotted Flufftail and a hungry and very noisy juvenile Crowned Eagle were ‘garden birds’!

From Kakamega we drove back to Nakuru where we spent our last night and managed to see two sleepy Lions before reaching our comfortable lodge. We spent the following morning searching for Grey-crested Helmetshrike but only found hybrids with White-crested Helmetshrike and it seems that pure birds are getting harder to find here. Despite rising water-levels of the lake itself, the waterbird spectacle was pretty impressive and we marvelled at the wheeling flocks of pelicans. Rothschild’s Giraffes were seen and some lazy White Rhinos lounged around.

The final speciality of the trip was an appointment with Sharpe’s Longclaw on the Kinangop Plateau. We prayed that the rain would hold off just long enough for us to see it and we made our way through some exceedingly tedious traffic to the site where our man on the spot led us straight to several pairs and we enjoyed some first-class views. On the way down we picked up Lynes’s Cisticola by the roadside and then it was a direct dash to the airport (thank goodness for the expressway!) and the tour came to an abrupt end.

This had been a massive road trip taking in most of the habitats that Kenya has to offer and along the way, we had enjoyed some spectacular scenery as well as having connected with most of Kenya’s very special birds. In fact, the only major speciality that we had missed was Clarke’s Weaver which would normally be breeding at this time of year and not inside Sokoke Forest where it is largely absent between April to July. The first breeding colony was only found as recently as 2013 and then again nearby in 2015. Since then, those areas have dried up, habitat has been destroyed and the birds have gone missing and their breeding sites become a mystery again. I guess that’s something for another tour!

SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES RECORDED

BIRDS

Somali Ostrich ◊  Struthio molybdophanes

White-faced Whistling Duck  Dendrocygna viduata

Spur-winged Goose  Plectropterus gambensis

Knob-billed Duck  Sarkidiornis melanotos

Egyptian Goose  Alopochen aegyptiaca

Blue-billed Teal (Hottentot T)  Spatula hottentota

African Black Duck  Anas sparsa

Yellow-billed Duck  Anas undulata

Cape Teal  Anas capensis

Red-billed Teal (R-b Duck)  Anas erythrorhyncha

Helmeted Guineafowl  Numida meleagris

Eastern Crested Guineafowl ◊  Guttera pucherani

Vulturine Guineafowl ◊  Acryllium vulturinum

Crested Francolin (Kirk’s F)  Ortygornis sephaena

Coqui Francolin  Campocolinus coqui  Heard-only.

Harlequin Quail  Coturnix delegorguei

Jackson’s Spurfowl ◊  Pternistis jacksoni

Hildebrandt’s Spurfowl ◊  Pternistis hildebrandti  Heard-only.

Scaly Spurfowl  Pternistis squamatus

Yellow-necked Spurfowl  Pternistis leucoscepus

European Nightjar  Caprimulgus europaeus

Montane Nightjar  Caprimulgus poliocephalus

Slender-tailed Nightjar  Caprimulgus clarus

Scarce Swift ◊  Schoutedenapus myoptilus

Mottled Spinetail (Mottle-throated S)  Telacanthura ussheri

Böhm’s Spinetail (Bat-like S)  Neafrapus boehmi

African Palm Swift  Cypsiurus parvus

Mottled Swift  Tachymarptis aequatorialis

Nyanza Swift  Apus niansae

African Black Swift  Apus barbatus

Little Swift  Apus affinis

White-rumped Swift  Apus caffer

Great Blue Turaco  Corythaeola cristata

White-bellied Go-away-bird  Crinifer leucogaster

Ross’s Turaco ◊  Tauraco rossae

White-crested Turaco ◊  Tauraco leucolophus

Black-billed Turaco ◊  Tauraco schuettii

Fischer’s Turaco ◊  Tauraco fischeri

Hartlaub’s Turaco ◊  Tauraco hartlaubi

Kori Bustard  Ardeotis kori

Heuglin’s Bustard ◊  Neotis heuglinii

White-bellied Bustard  Eupodotis senegalensis

Buff-crested Bustard  Lophotis gindiana

Black-bellied Bustard  Lissotis melanogaster

Blue-headed Coucal  Centropus monachus  Heard-only.

White-browed Coucal  Centropus superciliosus

Jacobin Cuckoo (Black-and-white C)  Clamator jacobinus

Diederik Cuckoo (Didric C)  Chrysococcyx caprius

Klaas’s Cuckoo  Chrysococcyx klaas

African Emerald Cuckoo  Chrysococcyx cupreus

Black Cuckoo  Cuculus clamosus  Heard-only.

Red-chested Cuckoo  Cuculus solitarius

Common Cuckoo  Cuculus canorus

Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse  Pterocles exustus

Black-faced Sandgrouse ◊  Pterocles decoratus

Lichtenstein’s Sandgrouse  Pterocles lichtensteinii

Rock Dove (introduced)  Columba livia

Speckled Pigeon  Columba guinea

African Olive Pigeon  Columba arquatrix

Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon  Columba delegorguei

Mourning Collared Dove (African M D)  Streptopelia decipiens

Red-eyed Dove  Streptopelia semitorquata

Ring-necked Dove  Streptopelia capicola

Laughing Dove  Spilopelia senegalensis

Emerald-spotted Wood Dove  Turtur chalcospilos

Blue-spotted Wood Dove  Turtur afer

Tambourine Dove  Turtur tympanistria

Namaqua Dove  Oena capensis

African Green Pigeon  Treron calvus

White-spotted Flufftail  Sarothrura pulchra

Buff-spotted Flufftail ◊  Sarothrura elegans  Heard-only.

African Rail (A Water R)  Rallus caerulescens

Common Moorhen  Gallinula chloropus

Red-knobbed Coot (Crested C)  Fulica cristata

Black Crake  Zapornia flavirostra

Grey Crowned Crane  Balearica regulorum

Little Grebe  Tachybaptus ruficollis

Greater Flamingo  Phoenicopterus roseus

Lesser Flamingo  Phoeniconaias minor

Water Thick-knee (W Dikkop)  Burhinus vermiculatus

Spotted Thick-knee (S Dikkop)  Burhinus capensis

Black-winged Stilt  Himantopus himantopus

Pied Avocet  Recurvirostra avosetta

Blacksmith Lapwing (B Plover)  Vanellus armatus

Spur-winged Lapwing (S-w Plover)  Vanellus spinosus

Black-headed Lapwing (B-h Plover)  Vanellus tectus

Crowned Lapwing (C Plover)  Vanellus coronatus

African Wattled Lapwing (A W Plover)  Vanellus senegallus

Grey Plover  Pluvialis squatarola

Common Ringed Plover  Charadrius hiaticula

Kittlitz’s Plover  Charadrius pecuarius

Three-banded Plover  Charadrius tricollaris

Lesser Sand Plover  Charadrius mongolus

Greater Sand Plover  Charadrius leschenaultii

African Jacana  Actophilornis africanus

Eurasian Whimbrel  Numenius phaeopus

Ruff  Calidris pugnax

Curlew Sandpiper  Calidris ferruginea

Little Stint  Calidris minuta

African Snipe  Gallinago nigripennis

Terek Sandpiper  Xenus cinereus

Common Sandpiper  Actitis hypoleucos

Green Sandpiper  Tringa ochropus  Heard-only. Non-leader.

Marsh Sandpiper  Tringa stagnatilis

Wood Sandpiper  Tringa glareola

Common Greenshank  Tringa nebularia

Crab-plover  Dromas ardeola

Somali Courser ◊  Cursorius somalensis

Three-banded Courser (Heuglin’s C)  Rhinoptilus cinctus

Collared Pratincole  Glareola pratincola

African Skimmer  Rynchops flavirostris

Grey-headed Gull  Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus

Sooty Gull ◊  Ichthyaetus hemprichii

Lesser Black-backed Gull  Larus [fuscus] fuscus

Gull-billed Tern  Gelochelidon nilotica

Caspian Tern  Hydroprogne caspia

Greater Crested Tern  Thalasseus bergii

Lesser Crested Tern  Thalasseus bengalensis

Roseate Tern  Sterna dougallii  Non-leader

Common Tern  Sterna hirundo

White-cheeked Tern ◊  Sterna repressa

Whiskered Tern  Chlidonias hybrida

White-winged Tern (W-w Black T)  Chlidonias leucopterus

Yellow-billed Stork  Mycteria ibis

Woolly-necked Stork  Ciconia episcopus

Marabou Stork  Leptoptilos crumenifer

African Darter  Anhinga rufa

Reed Cormorant (Long-tailed C)  Microcarbo africanus

White-breasted Cormorant  Phalacrocorax lucidus

African Sacred Ibis  Threskiornis aethiopicus

Olive Ibis ◊  Bostrychia olivacea  Heard-only

Hadada Ibis  Bostrychia hagedash

African Spoonbill  Platalea alba

Black-crowned Night Heron  Nycticorax nycticorax

Striated Heron (Green-backed H)  Butorides striata

Western Cattle Egret  Bubulcus ibis

Grey Heron  Ardea cinerea

Black-headed Heron  Ardea melanocephala

Goliath Heron  Ardea goliath

Great Egret  Ardea alba

Intermediate Egret (Yellow-billed E)  Ardea [intermedia] brachyrhyncha

Little Egret  Egretta garzetta

Dimorphic Egret  Egretta dimorpha

Hamerkop  Scopus umbretta

Great White Pelican  Pelecanus onocrotalus

Pink-backed Pelican  Pelecanus rufescens

Secretarybird  Sagittarius serpentarius

Black-winged Kite  Elanus caeruleus

Palm-nut Vulture  Gypohierax angolensis

Egyptian Vulture  Neophron percnopterus

European Honey Buzzard  Pernis apivorus

Hooded Vulture  Necrosyrtes monachus

White-backed Vulture (African W-b V)  Gyps africanus

Rüppell’s Vulture (R’s Griffon V)  Gyps rueppelli

White-headed Vulture  Trigonoceps occipitalis

Lappet-faced Vulture  Torgos tracheliotos

Brown Snake Eagle  Circaetus cinereus

Bateleur  Terathopius ecaudatus

Bat Hawk  Macheiramphus alcinus

Crowned Eagle (African C E)  Stephanoaetus coronatus

Martial Eagle  Polemaetus bellicosus

Long-crested Eagle  Lophaetus occipitalis

Wahlberg’s Eagle  Hieraaetus wahlbergi

Tawny Eagle  Aquila rapax

Verreaux’s Eagle  Aquila verreauxii

African Hawk-Eagle  Aquila spilogaster

Lizard Buzzard  Kaupifalco monogrammicus

Gabar Goshawk  Micronisus gabar  Non-leader

Eastern Chanting Goshawk (E Pale C G)  Melierax poliopterus

African Goshawk  Accipiter tachiro

Shikra  Accipiter badius  Non-leader

Little Sparrowhawk  Accipiter minullus

Black Sparrowhawk (Great S)  Accipiter melanoleucus

Yellow-billed Kite  Milvus aegyptius

African Fish Eagle  Haliaeetus vocifer

Mountain Buzzard ◊  Buteo oreophilus

Augur Buzzard  Buteo augur

Pearl-spotted Owlet  Glaucidium perlatum

Sokoke Scops Owl ◊  Otus ireneae

Northern White-faced Owl  Ptilopsis leucotis

Cape Eagle-Owl ◊  Bubo capensis

Greyish Eagle-Owl  Bubo cinerascens

Spotted Eagle-Owl  Bubo africanus

Verreaux’s Eagle-Owl  Bubo lacteus  Heard-only.

African Wood Owl  Strix woodfordii

Speckled Mousebird  Colius striatus

White-headed Mousebird ◊  Colius leucocephalus

Blue-naped Mousebird  Urocolius macrourus

Narina Trogon  Apaloderma narina  Heard-only.

Bar-tailed Trogon  Apaloderma vittatum  Heard-only.

Eurasian Hoopoe  Upupa epops

African Hoopoe  Upupa africana

White-headed Wood Hoopoe  Phoeniculus bollei

Green Wood Hoopoe  Phoeniculus purpureus

Common Scimitarbill  Rhinopomastus cyanomelas

Abyssinian Scimitarbill  Rhinopomastus minor

Southern Ground Hornbill  Bucorvus leadbeateri

Northern Red-billed Hornbill  Tockus erythrorhynchus

Von Der Decken’s Hornbill  Tockus deckeni

Jackson’s Hornbill ◊  Tockus jacksoni

Eastern Yellow-billed Hornbill  Tockus flavirostris

Crowned Hornbill  Lophoceros alboterminatus

Hemprich’s Hornbill ◊  Lophoceros hemprichii  Heard-only.

African Grey Hornbill  Lophoceros nasutus

Trumpeter Hornbill  Bycanistes bucinator

Black-and-white-casqued Hornbill  Bycanistes subcylindricus

Silvery-cheeked Hornbill  Bycanistes brevis

Purple Roller (Rufous-crowned R)  Coracias naevius

Lilac-breasted Roller  Coracias caudatus

Broad-billed Roller  Eurystomus glaucurus

Grey-headed Kingfisher (Chestnut-bellied K)  Halcyon leucocephala

Brown-hooded Kingfisher  Halcyon albiventris  Heard-only.

Striped Kingfisher  Halcyon chelicuti

Malachite Kingfisher  Corythornis cristatus

Giant Kingfisher  Megaceryle maxima

Pied Kingfisher  Ceryle rudis

Little Bee-eater  Merops pusillus

Cinnamon-chested Bee-eater  Merops oreobates

White-fronted Bee-eater  Merops bullockoides

Somali Bee-eater ◊  Merops revoilii

White-throated Bee-eater  Merops albicollis

European Bee-eater  Merops apiaster

Grey-throated Barbet  Gymnobucco bonapartei

Green Barbet  Stactolaema olivacea

Moustached Tinkerbird (M Green T)  Pogoniulus leucomystax

Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird (Golden-r T)  Pogoniulus bilineatus

Red-fronted Tinkerbird  Pogoniulus pusillus

Yellow-spotted Barbet  Buccanodon duchaillui

Hairy-breasted Barbet  Tricholaema hirsuta

Red-fronted Barbet  Tricholaema diademata

Spot-flanked Barbet  Tricholaema lacrymosa

Black-throated Barbet  Tricholaema melanocephala

White-headed Barbet  Lybius leucocephalus

Yellow-billed Barbet  Trachyphonus purpuratus

Red-and-yellow Barbet ◊  Trachyphonus erythrocephalus

D’arnaud’s Barbet ◊  Trachyphonus darnaudii

Lesser Honeyguide  Indicator minor

Scaly-throated Honeyguide  Indicator variegatus

Greater Honeyguide (Black-throated H)  Indicator indicator

Red-throated Wryneck (Rufous-necked W)  Jynx ruficollis

Brown-eared Woodpecker  Pardipicus caroli

Nubian Woodpecker  Campethera nubica

Mombasa Woodpecker ◊  Campethera mombassica

Little Spotted Woodpecker (Little-spotted W)  Campethera cailliautii

Fine-banded Woodpecker ◊  Campethera taeniolaema

Yellow-crested Woodpecker  Chloropicus xantholophus

Cardinal Woodpecker  Dendropicos fuscescens

Eastern Grey Woodpecker ◊ (African G-headed W)  Dendropicos spodocephalus

Common Kestrel  Falco tinnunculus

Amur Falcon  Falco amurensis

Sooty Falcon  Falco concolor

Eurasian Hobby  Falco subbuteo

Lanner Falcon  Falco biarmicus

Red-fronted Parrot  Poicephalus gulielmi

Meyer’s Parrot (Brown P)  Poicephalus meyeri

Red-bellied Parrot (African Orange-b P)  Poicephalus rufiventris

African Broadbill  Smithornis capensis

Forest Batis ◊  Batis mixta

Chinspot Batis  Batis molitor

Pale Batis (East Coast B)  Batis soror

Western Black-headed Batis  Batis erlangeri

Pygmy Batis  Batis perkeo

Brown-throated Wattle-eye (Common W-e)  Platysteira cyanea

Grey-headed Bushshrike  Malaconotus blanchoti

Bocage’s Bushshrike (Grey-green B-s)  Chlorophoneus bocagei

Orange-breasted Bushshrike (Sulphur-b B-s)  Chlorophoneus sulfureopectus  Heard-only.

Gorgeous Bushshrike  Telophorus viridis

Doherty’s Bushshrike ◊  Telophorus dohertyi  Heard-only

Rosy-patched Bushshrike ◊  Telophorus [cruentus] hilgerti

Rosy-patched Bushshrike ◊ (Tsavo B)  Telophorus [cruentus] cathemagmenus

Brown-crowned Tchagra (B-headed T)  Tchagra australis

Three-streaked Tchagra ◊  Tchagra jamesi

Black-crowned Tchagra (B-headed T)  Tchagra senegalus

Pink-footed Puffback  Dryoscopus angolensis  Heard-only.

Black-backed Puffback  Dryoscopus cubla

Northern Puffback  Dryoscopus gambensis

Slate-colored Boubou  Laniarius funebris

Lühder’s Bushshrike  Laniarius luehderi

Black Boubou ◊ (Manda B)  Laniarius nigerrimus

Tropical Boubou  Laniarius major

East Coast Boubou ◊  Laniarius sublacteus

Black-headed Gonolek  Laniarius erythrogaster

Brubru  Nilaus afer

White-crested Helmetshrike ◊  Prionops plumatus

Grey-crested Helmetshrike ◊  Prionops poliolophus  Hybrids only.

Chestnut-fronted Helmetshrike  Prionops scopifrons

African Shrike-flycatcher  Megabyas flammulatus

Grey Cuckooshrike  Ceblepyris caesius

Petit’s Cuckooshrike  Campephaga petiti

Purple-throated Cuckooshrike  Campephaga quiscalina

Northern White-crowned Shrike  Eurocephalus ruppelli

Red-backed Shrike  Lanius collurio

Mackinnon’s Shrike  Lanius mackinnoni

Lesser Grey Shrike  Lanius minor

Grey-backed Fiscal  Lanius excubitoroides

Long-tailed Fiscal ◊  Lanius cabanisi

Taita Fiscal ◊  Lanius dorsalis

Somali Fiscal ◊  Lanius somalicus

Northern Fiscal  Lanius humeralis

Western Oriole (W Black-headed O)  Oriolus brachyrynchus

Black-headed Oriole (Eastern B-h O)  Oriolus larvatus

Mountain Oriole ◊  Oriolus percivali

Eurasian Golden Oriole  Oriolus oriolus

Fork-tailed Drongo (Common D)  Dicrurus adsimilis

Common Square-tailed Drongo  Dicrurus ludwigii

Blue-mantled Crested Flycatcher  Trochocercus cyanomelas

African Paradise Flycatcher  Terpsiphone viridis

House Crow (introduced)  Corvus splendens

Cape Crow (C Rook)  Corvus capensis

Pied Crow  Corvus albus

Somali Crow ◊  Corvus edithae

Fan-tailed Raven  Corvus rhipidurus

White-necked Raven (W-naped R)  Corvus albicollis

African Blue Flycatcher  Elminia longicauda

White-bellied Tit  Melaniparus albiventris

Dusky Tit  Melaniparus funereus

Acacia Tit (Northern Grey T)  Melaniparus thruppi

Eastern Nicator  Nicator gularis

Chestnut-headed Sparrow-Lark ◊  Eremopterix signatus

Fischer’s Sparrow-Lark ◊  Eremopterix leucopareia

Pink-breasted Lark ◊  Calendulauda poecilosterna

Foxy Lark ◊  Calendulauda alopex

Red-winged Lark ◊  Mirafra hypermetra

Rufous-naped Lark  Mirafra africana

Williams’s Lark ◊  Mirafra williamsi  Endemic.

Friedmann’s Lark ◊  Mirafra pulpa

Masked Lark ◊  Spizocorys personata

Thekla’s Lark  Galerida theklae

Crested Lark  Galerida cristata

Red-capped Lark  Calandrella cinerea

Sombre Greenbul (Zanzibar S G)  Andropadus importunus

Slender-billed Greenbul  Stelgidillas gracilirostris

Red-tailed Bristlebill (Common B)  Bleda syndactylus

Joyful Greenbul ◊  Chlorocichla laetissima

Yellow-bellied Greenbul  Chlorocichla flaviventris

Honeyguide Greenbul  Baeopogon indicator

Kakamega Greenbul ◊  Arizelocichla kakamegae

Olive-breasted Greenbul ◊ (O-b Mountain G)  Arizelocichla kikuyuensis

Stripe-faced Greenbul ◊  Arizelocichla striifacies

Yellow-whiskered Greenbul  Eurillas latirostris

Plain Greenbul (Cameroon Sombre G)  Eurillas curvirostris

Little Grey Greenbul  Eurillas gracilis

Ansorge’s Greenbul  Eurillas ansorgei

Lowland Tiny Greenbul ◊  Phyllastrephus debilis

Northern Brownbul ◊  Phyllastrephus strepitans

Fischer’s Greenbul ◊  Phyllastrephus fischeri

Cabanis’s Greenbul  Phyllastrephus cabanisi

Placid Greenbul ◊  Phyllastrephus placidus

Toro Olive Greenbul ◊  Phyllastrephus hypochloris

Dodson’s Bulbul ◊  Pycnonotus dodsoni

Dark-capped Bulbul  Pycnonotus tricolor

Black Saw-wing  Psalidoprocne pristoptera

White-headed Saw-wing  Psalidoprocne albiceps

Sand Martin  Riparia riparia  Non-leader

Brown-throated Martin (Plain M)  Riparia paludicola

Rock Martin  Ptyonoprogne fuligula

Wire-tailed Swallow  Hirundo smithii

Barn Swallow  Hirundo rustica

Angola Swallow  Hirundo angolensis

Ethiopian Swallow  Hirundo aethiopica

Common House Martin  Delichon urbicum

Mosque Swallow  Cecropis senegalensis

Lesser Striped Swallow  Cecropis abyssinica

Red-rumped Swallow  Cecropis daurica

Northern Crombec  Sylvietta brachyura

Little Yellow Flycatcher ◊  Erythrocercus holochlorus

Green Hylia  Hylia prasina

Willow Warbler  Phylloscopus trochilus

Yellow-throated Woodland Warbler  Phylloscopus ruficapilla

Brown Woodland Warbler ◊  Phylloscopus umbrovirens

Uganda Woodland Warbler ◊  Phylloscopus budongoensis

Greater Swamp Warbler  Acrocephalus rufescens

Lesser Swamp Warbler  Acrocephalus gracilirostris

Great Reed Warbler  Acrocephalus arundinaceus

African Yellow Warbler (Dark-capped Y W)  Iduna natalensis

Mountain Yellow Warbler  Iduna similis

Evergreen Forest Warbler  Bradypterus [lopezi] mariae

Cinnamon Bracken Warbler  Bradypterus cinnamomeus

Highland Rush Warbler ◊  Bradypterus centralis

Red-faced Cisticola  Cisticola erythrops  Heard-only

Singing Cisticola  Cisticola cantans

Hunter’s Cisticola ◊  Cisticola hunteri

Chubb’s Cisticola ◊  Cisticola chubbi  Heard-only

Rattling Cisticola  Cisticola chiniana

Boran Cisticola ◊  Cisticola bodessa

Lynes’s Cisticola ◊  Cisticola distinctus

Winding Cisticola  Cisticola marginatus

Coastal Cisticola ◊  Cisticola haematocephalus

Levaillant’s Cisticola (Tinkling C)  Cisticola tinniens

Aberdare Cisticola ◊  Cisticola aberdare  Endemic

Zitting Cisticola  Cisticola juncidis  Heard-only

Pectoral-patch Cisticola  Cisticola brunnescens

Tawny-flanked Prinia  Prinia subflava

Pale Prinia ◊  Prinia somalica

Red-fronted Prinia (R-f Warbler)  Prinia rufifrons

White-chinned Prinia  Schistolais leucopogon

Black-collared Apalis ◊  Oreolais pulcher

Buff-bellied Warbler  Phyllolais pulchella

Taita Apalis ◊  Apalis fuscigularis  Endemic

Brown-tailed Apalis ◊  Apalis flavocincta

Yellow-breasted Apalis  Apalis flavida

Black-throated Apalis  Apalis jacksoni  Heard-only

Black-headed Apalis  Apalis melanocephala

Chestnut-throated Apalis ◊  Apalis porphyrolaema

Buff-throated Apalis  Apalis rufogularis

Grey Apalis  Apalis cinerea

Grey-capped Warbler  Eminia lepida

Grey-backed Camaroptera  Camaroptera brevicaudata

Olive-green Camaroptera  Camaroptera chloronota

Grey Wren-Warbler  Calamonastes simplex

Black-faced Rufous Warbler  Bathmocercus rufus

Turner’s Eremomela ◊  Eremomela turneri

African Hill Babbler (Abyssinian H B)  Sylvia [abyssinica] abyssinica

Banded Parisoma ◊  Curruca boehmi

Pale White-eye  Zosterops flavilateralis

Kikuyu White-eye ◊  Zosterops kikuyuensis  Endemic

Taita White-eye ◊  Zosterops silvanus  Endemic

Northern Yellow White-eye  Zosterops senegalensis

Brown Illadopsis  Illadopsis fulvescens  Heard-only

Scaly-breasted Illadopsis ◊  Illadopsis albipectus

Rufous Chatterer  Argya rubiginosa

Hinde’s Babbler ◊  Turdoides hindei  Endemic

Scaly Babbler ◊  Turdoides squamulata

Arrow-marked Babbler  Turdoides jardineii

Black-lored Babbler  Turdoides sharpei

Northern Pied Babbler ◊  Turdoides hypoleuca

Grey-chested Babbler ◊ (G-c Illadopsis)  Kakamega poliothorax

Wattled Starling  Creatophora cinerea

Black-bellied Starling  Notopholia corusca

Greater Blue-eared Starling  Lamprotornis chalybaeus

Rüppell’s Starling (R Long-tailed S)  Lamprotornis purpuroptera

Golden-breasted Starling  Lamprotornis regius

Superb Starling  Lamprotornis superbus

Hildebrandt’s Starling ◊  Lamprotornis hildebrandti

Fischer’s Starling ◊  Lamprotornis fischeri

White-crowned Starling ◊  Lamprotornis albicapillus

Violet-backed Starling  Cinnyricinclus leucogaster

Red-winged Starling  Onychognathus morio

Waller’s Starling  Onychognathus walleri

Bristle-crowned Starling ◊  Onychognathus salvadorii

Stuhlmann’s Starling ◊  Poeoptera stuhlmanni

Sharpe’s Starling ◊  Poeoptera sharpii

Abbott’s Starling ◊  Poeoptera femoralis

Magpie Starling ◊  Speculipastor bicolor

Yellow-billed Oxpecker  Buphagus africanus

Red-billed Oxpecker  Buphagus erythrorynchus

White-tailed Ant Thrush  Neocossyphus poensis

Red-tailed Ant Thrush  Neocossyphus rufus

Abyssinian Ground Thrush ◊  Geokichla piaggiae  Heard-only

African Thrush  Turdus pelios

Abyssinian Thrush (Mountain T, Northern Olive T)  Turdus abyssinicus

Taita Thrush ◊  Turdus helleri  Endemic

Bare-eyed Thrush (African B-e T)  Turdus tephronotus

Bearded Scrub Robin (Eastern B S R)  Cercotrichas quadrivirgata

White-browed Scrub Robin  Cercotrichas leucophrys

Grey Tit-Flycatcher (Lead-coloured F)  Myioparus plumbeus  Heard-only

White-eyed Slaty Flycatcher  Melaenornis fischeri

Southern Black Flycatcher  Melaenornis pammelaina

Pale Flycatcher  Melaenornis pallidus

African Grey Flycatcher  Melaenornis microrhynchus

Spotted Flycatcher  Muscicapa striata

Gambaga Flycatcher ◊  Muscicapa gambagae

Ashy Flycatcher (Blue-grey F)  Muscicapa caerulescens

Chapin’s Flycatcher ◊  Muscicapa lendu

African Dusky Flycatcher  Muscicapa adusta

Brown-chested Alethe  Chamaetylas poliocephala

Cape Robin-Chat  Cossypha caffra

Grey-winged Robin-Chat ◊  Cossypha polioptera

Blue-shouldered Robin-Chat ◊  Cossypha cyanocampter

Rüppell’s Robin-Chat  Cossypha semirufa

White-browed Robin-Chat  Cossypha heuglini

White-starred Robin (W-s Forest R)  Pogonocichla stellata

Equatorial Akalat ◊  Sheppardia aequatorialis

East Coast Akalat ◊  Sheppardia gunningi

Spotted Palm Thrush (S Morning T)  Cichladusa guttata

Little Rock Thrush ◊  Monticola rufocinereus

African Stonechat  Saxicola torquatus

Moorland Chat ◊  Pinarochroa sordida

Mocking Cliff Chat (C C)  Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris

Anteater Chat (Northern A C)  Myrmecocichla aethiops

Northern Wheatear  Oenanthe oenanthe

Isabelline Wheatear  Oenanthe isabellina

Brown-tailed Rock Chat ◊  Oenanthe scotocerca

Plain-backed Sunbird ◊  Anthreptes reichenowi

Eastern Violet-backed Sunbird (Kenya V-b S)  Anthreptes orientalis

Grey-chinned Sunbird  Anthreptes tephrolaemus

Collared Sunbird  Hedydipna collaris

Amani Sunbird ◊  Hedydipna pallidigaster

Green-headed Sunbird  Cyanomitra verticalis

Olive Sunbird  Cyanomitra olivacea

Grey Sunbird ◊ (Mouse-coloured S)  Cyanomitra veroxii

Green-throated Sunbird  Chalcomitra rubescens

Amethyst Sunbird  Chalcomitra amethystina

Scarlet-chested Sunbird  Chalcomitra senegalensis

Hunter’s Sunbird ◊  Chalcomitra hunteri

Tacazze Sunbird ◊  Nectarinia tacazze

Bronzy Sunbird (Bronze S)  Nectarinia kilimensis

Malachite Sunbird  Nectarinia famosa

Golden-winged Sunbird ◊  Drepanorhynchus reichenowi

Northern Double-collared Sunbird ◊  Cinnyris reichenowi

Eastern Double-collared Sunbird ◊  Cinnyris mediocris

Beautiful Sunbird  Cinnyris pulchellus

Black-bellied Sunbird ◊  Cinnyris nectarinioides

Purple-banded Sunbird (Little P-b S)  Cinnyris bifasciatus

Tsavo Sunbird ◊ (T Purple-banded S)  Cinnyris tsavoensis

Violet-breasted Sunbird ◊  Cinnyris chalcomelas

Variable Sunbird  Cinnyris venustus

Yellow-spotted Bush Sparrow  Gymnoris pyrgita

Kenya Sparrow ◊ (K Rufous S)  Passer rufocinctus

Northern Grey-headed Sparrow  Passer griseus

Swainson’s Sparrow ◊  Passer swainsonii

Swahili Sparrow ◊  Passer suahelicus

Parrot-billed Sparrow ◊  Passer gongonensis

House Sparrow (introduced)  Passer domesticus

Somali Sparrow ◊  Passer castanopterus

Red-billed Buffalo Weaver  Bubalornis niger

White-headed Buffalo Weaver  Dinemellia dinemelli

White-browed Sparrow-Weaver  Plocepasser mahali

Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver  Plocepasser superciliosus

Donaldson Smith’s Sparrow-Weaver ◊  Plocepasser donaldsoni

Black-capped Social Weaver  Pseudonigrita cabanisi

Speckle-fronted Weaver  Sporopipes frontalis

Baglafecht Weaver (Reichenow’s W)  Ploceus [baglafecht] reichenowi

Spectacled Weaver  Ploceus ocularis

Black-necked Weaver  Ploceus nigricollis

Eastern Golden Weaver (African G W)  Ploceus subaureus

Holub’s Golden Weaver  Ploceus xanthops

Golden Palm Weaver ◊  Ploceus bojeri

Northern Masked Weaver ◊  Ploceus taeniopterus

Lesser Masked Weaver  Ploceus intermedius

Vitelline Masked Weaver  Ploceus vitellinus

Speke’s Weaver ◊  Ploceus spekei

Village Weaver (Black-headed W)  Ploceus cucullatus

Vieillot’s Black Weaver  Ploceus nigerrimus

Golden-backed Weaver ◊  Ploceus jacksoni

Chestnut Weaver ◊  Ploceus rubiginosus

Dark-backed Weaver (Forest W)  Ploceus bicolor

Brown-capped Weaver  Ploceus insignis

Red-headed Malimbe  Malimbus rubricollis

Red-headed Weaver  Anaplectes rubriceps

Red-billed Quelea  Quelea quelea

Yellow Bishop  Euplectes capensis

Fan-tailed Widowbird (Red-shouldered W)  Euplectes axillaris

White-winged Widowbird  Euplectes albonotatus

Red-cowled Widowbird  Euplectes laticauda

Long-tailed Widowbird  Euplectes progne

Jackson’s Widowbird ◊  Euplectes jacksoni

Bronze Mannikin  Spermestes cucullata

Yellow-bellied Waxbill  Coccopygia quartinia

White-breasted Nigrita (W-b Negrofinch)  Nigrita fusconotus

Grey-headed Nigrita (G-crowned Negrofinch)  Nigrita canicapillus

Kandt’s Waxbill ◊  Estrilda kandti

Common Waxbill  Estrilda astrild

Crimson-rumped Waxbill  Estrilda rhodopyga

Quailfinch  Ortygospiza atricollis

Cut-throat Finch  Amadina fasciata

Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu  Uraeginthus bengalus

Red-headed Bluebill ◊  Spermophaga ruficapilla

Green-winged Pytilia  Pytilia melba

Red-billed Firefinch  Lagonosticta senegala

Village Indigobird  Vidua chalybeata

Pin-tailed Whydah  Vidua macroura

Straw-tailed Whydah ◊  Vidua fischeri

Long-tailed Paradise Whydah (Eastern P W)  Vidua paradisaea

Cape Wagtail  Motacilla capensis

Mountain Wagtail  Motacilla clara

African Pied Wagtail  Motacilla aguimp

Golden Pipit ◊  Tmetothylacus tenellus

Sharpe’s Longclaw ◊  Macronyx sharpei  Endemic

Yellow-throated Longclaw  Macronyx croceus

African Pipit (Grassland P)  Anthus cinnamomeus

Long-billed Pipit  Anthus similis

Plain-backed Pipit  Anthus leucophrys

Striped Pipit  Anthus lineiventris

Sokoke Pipit ◊  Anthus sokokensis

Malindi Pipit ◊  Anthus melindae

African Citril ◊  Crithagra citrinelloides

Southern Citril ◊ (East African C)  Crithagra hyposticta

Reichenow’s Seedeater ◊  Crithagra reichenowi

Yellow-fronted Canary  Crithagra mozambica

Brimstone Canary  Crithagra sulphurata

Thick-billed Seedeater  Crithagra burtoni

Streaky Seedeater  Crithagra striolata

Yellow-crowned Canary  Serinus flavivertex

Striolated Bunting (Striated B)  Emberiza striolata

Cinnamon-breasted Bunting (C-b Rock B)  Emberiza tahapisi

Somali Bunting (S Golden-breasted B)  Emberiza poliopleura

Golden-breasted Bunting (African G-b B)  Emberiza flaviventris

MAMMALS

Southern Tree Hyrax  Dendrohyrax arboreus  Heard, Non-leader

Yellow-spotted Hyrax  Heterohyrax brucei

Common Rock Hyrax (Black-necked R H)  Procavia capensis

African Elephant  Loxodonta africana

Golden-rumped Sengi (Yellow-r E S)  Rhynchocyon chrysopygus

Four-toed Hedgehog  Atelerix albiventris

Lion  Panthera leo

Central African Large-spotted Genet  Genetta maculata

Spotted Hyaena  Crocuta crocuta

Slender Mongoose  Herpestes sanguineus

Grevy’s Zebra  Equus grevyi

Plains Zebra (Common Z)  Equus quagga

White Rhinoceros (introduced) (re-introduced)  Ceratotherium simum

Forest Hog (Giant F H)  Hylochoerus meinertzhageni

Desert Warthog  Phacochoerus aethiopicus

Common Warthog  Phacochoerus africanus

Giraffe (Northern G)  Giraffa [camelopardalis] reticulata

Masai Giraffe  Giraffa [camelopardalis] tippelskirchi

Rothschild’s Giraffe  Giraffa [camelopardalis]  rothschildi

Impala (Common I)  Aepyceros melampus

Hartebeest (Kongoni)  Alcelaphus [buselaphus] cokii

Topi  Damaliscus lunatus

Thomson’s Gazelle (Serengeti T G)  Eudorcas thomsonii

Waterbuck (Defassa W)  Kobus [ellipsiprymnus] defassa

Waterbuck (Elipsen W)  Kobus [ellipsiprymnus] ellipsiprymnus

Gerenuk (Southern G)  Litocranius walleri

Kirk’s Dikdik  Madoqua kirkii

Tana Gazelle  Nanger petersi

Bright’s Gazelle  Nanger notatus

Beisa Oryx (Galla O)  Oryx beisa

African Buffalo (Cape B)  Syncerus caffer

Lesser Kudu (Southern L K)  Tragelaphus imberbis

Common Eland  Tragelaphus oryx

Bushbuck (Cape B)  Tragelaphus scriptus

Hippopotamus  Hippopotamus amphibius

Straw-coloured Fruit Bat  Eidolon helvum

Wahlberg’s Epauletted Fruit Bat  Epomophorus wahlbergi

Small-eared Greater Galago (Northern Greater G)  Otolemur garnettii

Red-tailed Monkey (Black-cheeked White-nosed M)  Cercopithecus ascanius

Blue Monkey (Diademed Guenon)  Cercopithecus mitis

Blue Monkey (Sykes’s M)  Cercopithecus [mitis] albogularis

Vervet  Chlorocebus pygerythrus

Guereza (Eastern Black-and-white C)  Colobus guereza

Olive Baboon  Papio anubis

Yellow Baboon  Papio cynocephalus

African Savanna Hare  Lepus victoriae

Huet’s Bush Squirrel (Ochre B S)  Paraxerus ochraceus

Red Bush Squirrel (R Bush S)  Paraxerus palliatus  Non-leader.

Giant Forest Squirrel (G Forest S)  Protoxerus stangeri

Striped Ground Squirrel  Xerus erythropus

Unstriped Ground Squirrel  Xerus rutilus

African Grass Rat  Arvicanthis niloticus